WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

H.R. 6938 · 119th Congress · Public Law 119-74

Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026

Became lawEconomics and Public Finance
IntroducedJan 6, 2026
Passed HouseJan 8, 2026
Passed SenateJan 15, 2026
To PresidentJan 22, 2026
Became lawJan 23, 2026

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

H.R. 6938 changed 12 sections of existing law, and created 179 new provisions of its own. Read from the bill text in its final form, as sent to the President.

42 U.S.C. 1975a

33 U.S.C. 2328 Challenge cost-sharing program for management of recreation facilities

42 U.S.C. 10364 Water management improvement

  • (e) Authorization of appropriations changed · Sec. 203 · see the words

Public Law 108-361 An earlier law, changed directly

Public Law 111-11 An earlier law, changed directly

16 U.S.C. 839b Regional planning and participation

  • (c) Organization and operation of Council changed · Sec. 312 · see the words

54 U.S.C. 103101

Public Law 99-338 An earlier law, changed directly

  • The section as a whole changed · Sec. 126(1), Sec. 126(2) · see the words

20 U.S.C. 4441 Program for Native Hawaiian and Alaska Native culture and arts development

16 U.S.C. 7303 Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program

  • (f) Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Fund changed · Sec. CIII · see the words

Public Law 115-141 An earlier law, changed directly

Public Law 112-74 An earlier law, changed directly

New provisions of the bill's own

  • Sec. 3 References
  • Sec. 4 Explanatory Statement
  • Sec. 5 Statement of appropriations
  • Sec. 101
  • Sec. 102
  • Sec. 103
  • Sec. 104
  • Sec. 105
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  • Sec. 101
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  • Sec. 201
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  • Sec. 441
  • Sec. 442
  • Sec. 443
  • Sec. 444
  • Sec. 446
What the words changed: every change, in place (19)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what was struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. 42 U.S.C. 1975aadded (d)by H.R. 6938 Sec. AIV

    (d) Modified governing body requirement.— For purposes of this Act, section 1007(c) of the Legal Services Corporation Act (42 U.S.C. 2996f(c)) shall be applied by substituting "33 percent" for "60 percent".

    The bill says: RELATED AGENCIESCommission on civil rightsSALARIES AND EXPENSESFor necessary expenses of the Commission on Civil Rights, including hire of passenger motor vehicles, $14,350,000: Provided, That none of the funds appropriated in this paragraph may be used to employ any individuals under Schedule C of subpart C of part 213 of title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations exclusive of one special assistant for each Commissioner: Provided further, That none of the funds appropriated in this paragraph shall be used to reimburse Commissioners for more than 75 billable days, with the exception of the chairperson, who is permitted 125 billable days: Provided further, That the Chair may accept and use any gift or donation to carry out the work of the Commission: Provided further, That none of the funds appropriated in this paragraph shall be used for any activity or expense that is not explicitly authorized by section 3 of the Civil Rights Commission Act of 1983 (42 U.S.C. 1975a): Provided further, That notwithstanding the preceding proviso, $2,000,000 shall be used to separately fund the Commission on the Social Status of Black Men and Boys.Equal employment opportunity commissionSALARIES AND EXPENSESFor necessary expenses of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission as authorized by title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, the Equal Pay Act of 1963, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, section 501 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Civil Rights Act of 1991, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of 2008 (Public Law 110–233), the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–325), the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 (Public Law 111–2), and Public Law 117–328, including services as authorized by section 3109 of title 5, United States Code; hire of passenger motor vehicles as authorized by section 1343(b) of title 31, United States Code; nonmonetary awards to private citizens; and up to $32,500,000 f

  2. 33 U.S.C. 2328(c)(2)(A)(ii)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 109

    The bill says: Section 225(c)(2)(A)(ii) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (33 U.S.C. 2328(c)(2)(A)(ii)) is amended by striking "at recreation site at which the fee is collected" and inserting "at any recreation site or facility that is located at the civil works project at which the fee is collected".

  3. 42 U.S.C. 10364(e)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 203

    (e) Authorization of appropriations. There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $920,000,000$1,000,000,000, to remain available until expended.

    The bill says: Section 9504(e) of the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (42 U.S.C. 10364(e)) is amended by striking "$920,000,000" and inserting "$1,000,000,000".

  4. Public Law 108-361(f)(4)(A)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 204(b)

    The bill says: Section 103(f)(4)(A) of Public Law 108–361 (the Calfed Bay-Delta Authorization Act) (118 Stat. 1681) is amended by striking "$30,000,000" and inserting "$32,600,000".

  5. Public Law 111-11(b)(3)(B)rewrittenby H.R. 6938 Sec. 209(b)

    The bill says: Section 10604(b)(3)(B) of the Northwestern New Mexico Rural Water Projects Act (subtitle B of title X of Public Law 111–11) is amended to read as follows: "MAXIMUM SHARE.—Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the repayment obligation of the City shall not exceed $76,000,000".

  6. 16 U.S.C. 839b(c)(10)(B)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 312

    (B) Notwithstanding the limitation contained in the fourth sentence of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, upon an annual showing by the Council that such limitation will not permit the Council to carry out its functions and responsibilities under this chapter the Administrator may raise such limit up to any amount not in excess of 0.10 mill multiplied by the kilowatt hours of firm power forecast to be sold by the Administrator during the year to be funded., adjusted for inflation.

    The bill says: Section 4(c)(10)(B) of the Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 839b(c)(10)(B)) is amended by striking the period at the end and inserting ", adjusted for inflation.".

  7. 54 U.S.C. 103101(c)(1)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 123

    The bill says: Section 103101 of title 54, United States Code, is amended in subsection (c)(1) by striking "$250,000" and inserting "$500,000".

  8. Public Law 99-338changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 126(1)

    The bill says: by striking "3 renewals" and inserting "7 renewals"; and

  9. Public Law 99-338changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 126(2)

    The bill says: by striking "of Southern California Edison Company".

  10. 20 U.S.C. 4441(a)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 128(1)

    (a) In general. The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to make grants for the purpose of supporting programs for Native Hawaiian or Alaska Native culture and arts development to any private, nonprofit organization or institution which— (1) primarily serves and represents Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives, and (2) has been recognized by the Governor of the State of Hawaii or the Governor of the State of Alaska, as appropriate, for the purpose of making such organization or institution eligible to receive such grants.

    The bill says: in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking "private,"; and

  11. 20 U.S.C. 4441(c)(2)(A)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 128(2)

    (A) be Native Hawaiians orinclude Native Hawaiians and individuals widely recognized in the field of Native Hawaiian art and culture,

    The bill says: by striking "be Native Hawaiians or" and inserting "include Native Hawaiians and"; and

  12. 20 U.S.C. 4441(c)(2)(A)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 128(2)

    The bill says: by striking the comma at the end and inserting "; and";

  13. 20 U.S.C. 4441(c)(2)removedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 128(2)

    The bill says: by striking subparagraphs (B) through (D);

  14. 20 U.S.C. 4441(c)(2)(E)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 128(2)

    (E) serve for a fixed term of office.

    The bill says: in subparagraph (E), by striking "of office"; and

  15. 20 U.S.C. 4441(c)(2)renumberedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 128(2)

    The bill says: by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (B).

  16. 16 U.S.C. 7303(f)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. CIII

    The bill says: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUREOFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTFor necessary expenses of the Office of the Under Secretary for Natural Resources and Environment, $780,000: Provided, That funds made available by this Act to any agency in the Natural Resources and Environment mission area for salaries and expenses are available to fund up to one administrative support staff for the office.Forest serviceFOREST SERVICE OPERATIONS(INCLUDING TRANSFERS OF FUNDS)For necessary expenses of the Forest Service, not otherwise provided for, $1,090,600,000, of which $944,114,000 shall remain available through September 30, 2029: Provided, That a portion of the funds made available under this heading shall be for the base salary and expenses of employees in the Chief’s Office, the Work Environment and Performance Office, the Business Operations Deputy Area, and the Chief Financial Officer’s Office to carry out administrative and general management support functions: Provided further, That funds provided under this heading shall be available for the costs of facility maintenance, repairs, and leases for buildings and sites where these administrative, general management and other Forest Service support functions take place; the costs of all utility and telecommunication expenses of the Forest Service, as well as business services; and, for information technology, including cybersecurity requirements: Provided further, That funds provided under this heading may be used for necessary expenses to carry out administrative and general management support functions of the Forest Service not otherwise provided for and necessary for its operation.FOREST AND RANGELAND RESEARCHFor necessary expenses of forest and rangeland research as authorized by law, $308,697,000, to remain available through September 30, 2029: Provided, That of the funds provided, $32,197,000 is for the forest inventory and analysis program: Provided further, That all authorities for the use of

  17. Public Law 115-141(a)changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 439(1)

    The bill says: in subsection (a), by striking "90" and inserting "180"; and

  18. Public Law 115-141(4)addedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 439(2)

    The bill says: in paragraph (4) of subsection (b), by inserting the following before the semi-colon: ", and shall include an accounting of any spending in the first two quarters of the succeeding fiscal year that is attributable to suppression operations in the fiscal year for which the report was prepared".

  19. Public Law 112-74changedby H.R. 6938 Sec. 445

    The bill says: Paragraph (1) of section 122(a) of division E of Public Law 112–74 (125 Stat. 1013) is amended by striking "through 2024." in the first sentence and inserting "through 2027,".

From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, 2024 edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026

This bill provides FY2026 appropriations to several federal departments and agencies for activities and programs related to commerce, law enforcement, science, energy and water development, public lands, and the environment.

Specifically, the bill includes 3 of the 12 regular FY2026 appropriations bills:

• the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026;

• the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026; and

• the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026.

The departments, agencies, and activities funded in the bill include

• the Department of Commerce,

• the Department of Justice,

• the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),

• the National Science Foundation,

• U.S. Army Corps of Engineers civil works projects,

• the Department of Energy,

• the Department of the Interior,

• the Environmental Protection Agency,

• the Forest Service,

• the Indian Health Service, and

• several related and independent agencies.

The bill also sets forth requirements and restrictions for using funds provided by this and other appropriations acts.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Introduced in House, Jan 6, 2026).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

Sourced
  1. 2026-01-23Became Public Law No: 119-74.Library of Congress
  2. 2026-01-23Signed by President.Library of Congress
  3. 2026-01-22Presented to President.Library of Congress
  4. 2026-01-15Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate without amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 82 - 15. Record Vote Number: 11. Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  5. 2026-01-08Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 397 - 28 (Roll no. 7). (text: CR H151-199) Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  6. 2026-01-06Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress

Show all 45 recorded actions

After it became law

Sourced

Since it became law on Jan 23, 2026, the Federal Register, the government's daily record of rules and notices, has published 6 documents that name it: 2 final rules, 1 proposed rule and 3 notices.

Named in the body of the document

The quote shows how each one uses the law: as the reason for a change, as background, or in passing.

  1. Final ruleAug 20, 2026Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives Bureau, Office of the Attorney General
    Application for Relief From Disabilities Imposed by Federal Laws With Respect to the Acquisition, Receipt, Transfer, Shipment, Transportation, or Possession of Firearms
    See, e.g., Department of Justice Appropriations Act, 2026, Public Law 119-74, div. A, tit. II, 140 Stat. 17, 23.
    In effect since Sep 21, 2026 · Changes 27 CFR part 478, 28 CFR part 0, 28 CFR part 25, 28 CFR part 107 · Significant rule
  2. NoticeJul 30, 2026Indian Affairs Bureau, Interior Department
    Rate Adjustments for Indian Irrigation Projects
    As explained above, BIA was recently authorized to recruit and directly appoint qualified individuals into the competitive service who are certified as maintaining a permanent and exclusive residence in the vicinity of the field unit, into any position at or below grades GS-9 (Pub. L. 119-74, section 127 (Jan. 23, 2026)).
  3. Final ruleJun 16, 2026Nuclear Regulatory Commission
    Fee Schedules; Fee Recovery for Fiscal Year 2026
    The NRC is issuing this FY 2026 final fee rule based on its enacted budget in the Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026, Public Law 119- 74, which was signed into law on January 23, 2026.
    In effect since Aug 17, 2026 · Changes 10 CFR part 15, 10 CFR part 170, 10 CFR part 171 · Significant rule
  4. Proposed ruleMar 12, 2026Nuclear Regulatory Commission
    Fee Schedules; Fee Recovery for Fiscal Year 2026
    The Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026, Public Law 119-74 (the enacted budget) was signed into law on January 23, 2026, after the FY 2026 proposed fee rule was far along in the development process.
    Comments closed Apr 13, 2026 · Would change 10 CFR part 15, 10 CFR part 170, 10 CFR part 171 · Significant rule
  5. NoticeMar 2, 2026International Trade Commission
    Impact on U.S. Industry of China's State Support and Pricing Practices in the Biotechnology Sector
    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background: The Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 (the Act), signed by the President on January 23, 2026, provides funding for the Commission for fiscal year 2026.
  6. NoticeMar 2, 2026International Trade Commission
    Effects on the U.S. Economy of Revoking China's Permanent Normal Trade Relations Status
    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background: The Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 (the Act), signed by the President on January 23, 2026, provides funding for the Commission for fiscal year 2026.

Found by searching the Federal Register for Public Law 119-74 and the law's names, then reading each document: every one listed contains them, and the quote is its own words. An agency can carry out a law without naming it, so this list can miss some. Checked Oct 27, 2026. Every new law's rules

Recorded votes

Sourced

Jan 8, 2026 · House roll call 5 · needed 1/2

On Retaining Division A: Passed 375–47

R 171 yes, 40 no, 7 present or not votingD 204 yes, 7 no, 2 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Jan 8, 2026 · House roll call 6 · needed 1/2

On Retaining Divisions B and C: Passed 419–6

R 210 yes, 3 no, 5 present or not votingD 209 yes, 3 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Jan 8, 2026 · House roll call 7 · needed 1/2

On Passage: Passed 397–28

R 191 yes, 22 no, 5 present or not votingD 206 yes, 6 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Jan 12, 2026 · Senate roll call 7 · needed 3/5

On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed: Cloture on the Motion to Proceed Agreed to 80–13

R 44 yes, 3 no, 6 present or not votingI 1 yes, 1 noD 35 yes, 9 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Jan 15, 2026 · Senate roll call 10 · needed 3/5

On the Cloture Motion: Cloture Motion Agreed to 85–14

R 49 yes, 4 noI 1 yes, 1 noD 35 yes, 9 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Jan 15, 2026 · Senate roll call 11 · needed 1/2

On Passage of the Bill: Bill Passed 82–15

R 46 yes, 5 no, 2 present or not votingI 1 yes, 1 noD 35 yes, 9 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record