WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

S. 240 · 119th Congress · Public Law 119-122

Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Amendments Act of 2025

Became lawNative Americans
IntroducedJan 24, 2025
Passed SenateDec 11, 2025
Passed HouseSep 14, 2026
To PresidentOct 5, 2026
Became lawOct 15, 2026

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

S. 240 changed 1 section of existing law. Read from the bill text in its final form, as sent to the President.

Public Law 111-291 An earlier law, changed directly

What the words changed: every change, in place (19)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what was struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. Public Law 111-291changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(a)

    The bill says: by striking paragraph (11) and inserting the following:

  2. Public Law 111-291(12)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(a)

    The bill says: in the paragraph heading, by striking "System" and inserting "Projects"; and

  3. Public Law 111-291(12)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(a)

    The bill says: in subparagraphs (A) through (C), by striking "System" each place it appears and inserting "Projects".

  4. Public Law 111-291repealedby S. 240 Sec. 2(b)

    The bill says: Section 406 of the Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–291; 124 Stat. 3102) is repealed.

  5. Public Law 111-291changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(b)

    The bill says: The table of contents for the Claims Resolution Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–291; 124 Stat. 3064) is amended by striking the item relating to section 406.

  6. Public Law 111-291(a)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    The bill says: in subsection (a), by striking "to be administered by the Secretary" and inserting "to be managed, invested, and distributed by the Secretary and to remain available until expended, withdrawn, or reverted to the general fund of the Treasury, consisting of amounts deposited in the Fund under subsection (b), together with any investment earnings, including interest, earned on those amounts,";

  7. Public Law 111-291(c)(3)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    The bill says: in paragraph (3), by striking "System" and inserting "Projects"; and

  8. Public Law 111-291(c)added (5)by S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    (5)(A) The MR&I Projects Account, to be established as soon as practicable after the date of enactment of the Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Amendments Act of 2025, consisting of—(i) amounts made available pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 414(b) that are appropriated after the date of enactment of the Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Amendments Act of 2025; and(ii) amounts to be deposited pursuant to section 414(h)(2).(B) Amounts deposited into the MR&I Projects Account shall be further deposited into the special joint signature account named "MR&I Account" established pursuant to the agreement with the Tribe dated September 13, 2012, prior to any investment earnings accruing or becoming available.”

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following:

  9. Public Law 111-291(e)(2)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    The bill says: in paragraph (2), by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the following:

  10. Public Law 111-291(e)(3)(A)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (A), by striking "through (E)" and inserting "through (F)";

  11. Public Law 111-291(e)(3)(E)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    The bill says: in the subparagraph heading, by striking "System" and inserting "Projects"; and

  12. Public Law 111-291(e)(3)(E)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    The bill says: by striking "System" each place it appears and inserting "Projects"; and

  13. Public Law 111-291(e)(3)added (F)by S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    (F) MR&I Projects Account.— Funds from the MR&I Projects Account shall be used for expenditures by the Tribe in accordance with the following:(i) Priority use of funds.— The Tribe shall use funds from the MR&I Projects Account—(I) to plan, permit, design, engineer, construct, reconstruct, replace, rehabilitate, operate, or repair water production, treatment, or delivery infrastructure, including for domestic and municipal use or wastewater infrastructure; and(II) to comply with applicable environmental laws for the activities described in subclause (I).(ii) Other use of funds.— After providing written notice to the Secretary that on-Reservation MR&I projects described in clause (i) are complete, the Tribe may use funds remaining in the MR&I Projects Account to purchase on-Reservation land with water rights.

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following:

  14. Public Law 111-291added (i)by S. 240 Sec. 2(c)

    (i) Title to infrastructure.— Title to, control over, and operation of any project constructed using funds from the MR&I Projects Account shall remain in the Tribe.(j) Operation, maintenance, and replacement.— The Federal Government shall have no obligation to pay for the operation, maintenance, or replacement of any MR&I Project.

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following:

  15. Public Law 111-291changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(d)

    The bill says: Subsection (b)(1) of section 412 of the Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–291; 124 Stat. 3116) is amended by striking "15 years" and inserting "20 years".

  16. Public Law 111-291(e)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(e)

    The bill says: in the subsection heading, by striking "System" and inserting "Projects"; and

  17. Public Law 111-291(e)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(e)

    The bill says: by striking "System" and inserting "Projects".

  18. Public Law 111-291(9)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(f)

    The bill says: Section 403(9) of the Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–291; 124 Stat. 3098) is amended by striking "(25 U.S.C. 450b)" and inserting "(25 U.S.C. 5304)".

  19. Public Law 111-291(e)(1)(C)changedby S. 240 Sec. 2(f)

    The bill says: Section 410(e)(1) of the Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–291; 124 Stat. 3112) is amended in subparagraph (C), by striking "agreements with the Tribe required by sections 405(a) and 406(a)" and inserting "agreement with the Tribe required by section 405(a)".

From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, latest edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Amendments Act of 2025

This bill revises the water rights settlement agreement entered into by the Crow Tribe of Montana and Montana.

The Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act of 2010 ratified, authorized, and confirmed the water rights compact between the tribe and Montana. Among other provisions, this settlement act authorized the Bureau of Reclamation to plan, design and construct the following two major projects on the Crow Reservation: (1) the rehabilitation and improvement of the Crow Irrigation Project (CIP); and (2) the planning, design, and construction of the MR&I System (the municipal, rural, and industrial water system of the Crow Reservation).

Among other provisions, the bill revises the settlement act to

• replace references to the MR&I System with MR&I Projects;

• establish a nontrust, interest-bearing account (to be known as the Crow CIP Implementation Account) to allow Reclamation to continue to work on the rehabilitation of the CIP;

• create a new MR&I Projects Account, through which the tribe must use funds for activities related to water production, treatment, or delivery infrastructure; and

• extend by five years (to 2030) the period during which the tribe has the exclusive right to construct hydropower facilities on the Yellowtail Afterbay Dam in Montana.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Introduced in Senate, Jan 24, 2025).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

Sourced
  1. 2026-10-15Became Public Law No: 119-122.Library of Congress
  2. 2026-10-15Became Public Law No: 119-122.Library of Congress
  3. 2026-10-15Signed by President.Library of Congress
  4. 2026-10-15Signed by President.Library of Congress
  5. 2026-10-05Presented to President.House floor actions
  6. 2026-10-05Presented to President.Library of Congress
  7. 2026-09-28Message on Senate action sent to the House.Senate
  8. 2026-09-24Senate agreed to the House amendment to S. 240 by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S5020)Senate
  9. 2026-09-24Resolving differences -- Senate actions: Senate agreed to the House amendment to S. 240 by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S5020)Library of Congress
  10. 2026-09-15Message on House action received in Senate and at desk: House amendment to Senate bill.Senate
  11. 2026-09-14Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.House floor actions
  12. 2026-09-14On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H5570)House floor actions
  13. 2026-09-14Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H5570)Library of Congress
  14. 2026-09-14DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on S. 240.House floor actions
  15. 2026-09-14Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H5570-5571)House floor actions
  16. 2026-09-14Mr. Westerman moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended.House floor actions
  17. 2025-12-15Held at the desk.House floor actions
  18. 2025-12-15Received in the House.House floor actions
  19. 2025-12-15Message on Senate action sent to the House.Senate
  20. 2025-12-11Passed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S8691-8692; text: CR S8691-8692)Senate
  21. 2025-12-11Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent.Library of Congress
  22. 2025-11-04Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 260.Senate
  23. 2025-11-04Committee on Indian Affairs. Reported by Senator Murkowski without amendment. With written report No. 119-93.Senate
  24. 2025-11-04Committee on Indian Affairs. Reported by Senator Murkowski without amendment. With written report No. 119-93.Library of Congress
  25. 2025-03-05Committee on Indian Affairs. Ordered to be reported without amendment favorably.Senate
  26. 2025-01-24Read twice and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.Senate
  27. 2025-01-24Introduced in SenateLibrary of Congress

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After it became law

Sourced

Nothing in the Federal Register names Public Law 119-122 yet (checked Oct 27, 2026). Many laws need no new rules: they set penalties, name a building, or fund something directly.

Cosponsors

  • Tim Sheehy R-MT