WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

S. 98 · 119th Congress · Public Law 119-89

Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025

Became lawScience, Technology, Communications
IntroducedJan 15, 2025
Passed SenateJun 26, 2025
Passed HouseApr 20, 2026
To PresidentApr 30, 2026
Became lawMay 11, 2026

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

S. 98 changed 1 section of existing law. Read from the bill text in its final form, as sent to the President.

47 U.S.C. 254

What the words changed: every change, in place (1)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what was struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. 47 U.S.C. 254added (m)by S. 98 Sec. 2

    (m) Vetting of high-Cost fund recipients.—(1) Definitions.— In this subsection—(A) the term covered funding means any new offer of high-cost universal service program funding, including funding provided through a reverse competitive bidding mechanism provided under this section, for the deployment of a broadband-capable network and the provision of supported services over the network; and(B) the term new covered funding award means an award of covered funding that is made based on an application submitted to the Commission on or after the date on which rules are promulgated under paragraph (2).(2) Commission rulemaking.— Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Commission shall initiate a rulemaking proceeding to establish a vetting process for applicants for, and other recipients of, a new covered funding award.(3) Contents.—(A) In general.— In promulgating rules under paragraph (2), the Commission shall provide that, consistent with principles of technology neutrality, the Commission will only award covered funding to applicants that can demonstrate that they meet the qualifications in subparagraph (B).(B) Qualifications described.— An applicant for a new covered funding award shall include in the initial application a proposal containing sufficient detail and documentation for the Commission to ascertain that the applicant possesses the technical, financial, and operational capabilities, and has a reasonable business plan, to deploy the proposed network and deliver services with the relevant performance characteristics and requirements defined by the Commission and as pledged by the applicant.(C) Evaluation of proposal.— The Commission shall evaluate a proposal described in subparagraph (B) against—(i) reasonable and well-established technical, financial, and operational standards, including the technical standards adopted by the Commission in orders of the Commission relating to Establishing the Digital Opportunity Data Collection (WC Docket No. 19–195) (or orders of the Commission relating to modernizing any successor collection) for purposes of entities that must report broadband availability coverage; and(ii) the applicant’s history of complying with requirements in Commission and other government broadband deployment funding programs.(D) Penalties for pre-authorization defaults.— In adopting rules for any new covered funding award, the Commission shall set a penalty for pre-authorization defaults of at least $9,000 per violation and may not limit the base forfeiture to an amount less than 30 percent of the applicant’s total support, unless the Commission demonstrates the need for lower penalties in a particular instance.

    The bill says: Section 254 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 254) is amended by adding at the end the following:

From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, latest edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025

This act requires the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to vet the qualifications of applicants for certain funding programs that support affordable broadband deployment in high-cost areas (e.g., rural communities).

Specifically, the FCC must develop a vetting process for applicants seeking funding under high-cost universal service programs for the deployment of a broadband-capable network and the provision of supported services over the network. The FCC must require applicants to submit a proposal that contains sufficient detail and documentation for the FCC to ascertain that the applicant possesses the technical, financial, and operational capabilities related to the proposed deployment and has a reasonable business plan. The FCC must evaluate applications against reasonable and well-established standards and must consider each applicant’s history of compliance with the requirements of other government broadband funding programs.

The FCC must establish this vetting process through a rulemaking proceeding. After the rule is finalized, funds may only be awarded to applicants that satisfy the standards established therein.

Finally, the FCC must set financial penalties for applicants that default in some manner during the evaluation process before they are authorized to begin receiving support.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Public Law, May 11, 2026).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

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  1. 2026-05-11Became Public Law No: 119-89.Library of Congress
  2. 2026-05-11Became Public Law No: 119-89.Library of Congress
  3. 2026-05-11Signed by President.Library of Congress
  4. 2026-05-11Signed by President.Library of Congress
  5. 2026-04-30Presented to President.House floor actions
  6. 2026-04-30Presented to President.Library of Congress
  7. 2026-04-20Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.House floor actions
  8. 2026-04-20On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H2977)House floor actions
  9. 2026-04-20Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H2977)Library of Congress
  10. 2026-04-20DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on S. 98.House floor actions
  11. 2026-04-20Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H2976-2978)House floor actions
  12. 2026-04-20Mr. Allen moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.House floor actions
  13. 2025-07-03Held at the desk.House floor actions
  14. 2025-07-03Received in the House.House floor actions
  15. 2025-06-27Message on Senate action sent to the House.Senate
  16. 2025-06-26Passed Senate without amendment by Voice Vote. (consideration: CR S3570; text: CR S3570)Senate
  17. 2025-06-26Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate without amendment by Voice Vote.Library of Congress
  18. 2025-04-28Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 48.Senate
  19. 2025-04-28Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cruz without amendment. With written report No. 119-14.Senate
  20. 2025-04-28Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cruz without amendment. With written report No. 119-14.Library of Congress
  21. 2025-02-05Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported without amendment favorably.Senate
  22. 2025-01-15Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.Senate
  23. 2025-01-15Introduced in SenateLibrary of Congress

Show key steps only

After it became law

Sourced

Since it became law on May 11, 2026, the Federal Register, the government's daily record of rules and notices, has published 1 document that name it: 1 proposed rule.

Named in the body of the document

The quote shows how each one uses the law: as the reason for a change, as background, or in passing.

  1. Proposed ruleJun 5, 2026Federal Communications Commission
    Reforming the High-Cost Program for an All-IP Future, Connect America Fund: A National Broadband Plan for Our Future High-Cost Universal Support
    On May 11, 2026, the Rural Broadband Protection Act of 2025 (Pub. L. No: 119-89) (RBPA) was enacted.
    Comments closed Aug 4, 2026 · Would change 47 CFR part 54

Found by searching the Federal Register for Public Law 119-89 and the law's names, then reading each document: every one listed contains them, and the quote is its own words. An agency can carry out a law without naming it, so this list can miss some. Checked Oct 27, 2026. Every new law's rules

Cosponsors

  • John R. Curtis R-UT
  • Amy Klobuchar D-MN
  • Gary C. Peters D-MI
  • Raphael G. Warnock D-GA