WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

S.J.Res. 28 · 119th Congress · Public Law 119-11

A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications".

Became lawFinance and Financial Sector
IntroducedFeb 27, 2025
Passed SenateMar 5, 2025
Passed HouseApr 9, 2025
To PresidentMay 5, 2025
Became lawMay 9, 2025

What it does

Sourced

This joint resolution nullifies the final rule issued by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) titled Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications and published on December 10, 2024. The rule defines larger participants in the general-use digital consumer payment application market (i.e., payment apps) that are subject to CFPB supervisory authority. The rule defines larger participants in this market as nonbanks (1) with an annual volume of at least 50 million transactions, and (2) that are not small business concerns.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Public Law, May 9, 2025).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

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  1. 2025-05-09Became Public Law No: 119-11.Library of Congress
  2. 2025-05-09Became Public Law No: 119-11.Library of Congress
  3. 2025-05-09Signed by President.Library of Congress
  4. 2025-05-09Signed by President.Library of Congress
  5. 2025-05-05Presented to President.House floor actions
  6. 2025-05-05Presented to President.Library of Congress
  7. 2025-04-09Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.House floor actions
  8. 2025-04-09On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 219 - 211 (Roll no. 95). (text: CR H1514) Roll call recordHouse floor actions
  9. 2025-04-09Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 219 - 211 (Roll no. 95). (text: CR H1514: 2) Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  10. 2025-04-09Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H1532-1533)House floor actions
  11. 2025-04-09POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on S.J. Res. 28, the Chair put the question on passage of the joint resolution and by voice vote, announced that the ayes had prevailed. Mr. Hill (AR) demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.House floor actions
  12. 2025-04-09The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.House floor actions
  13. 2025-04-09DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on S.J. Res. 28.House floor actions
  14. 2025-04-09Rule provides for consideration of S.J. Res. 18, S.J. Res. 28, H.R. 1526 and H.R. 22. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 22, H.R. 1526, S.J. Res. 18, and S.J. Res. 28 under a closed rule. The resolution provides for one hour of debate on each measure and one motion to recommit on H.R. 22 and H.R. 1526, and one motion to commit on S.J. Res. 18 and S.J. Res. 28.House floor actions
  15. 2025-04-09Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 294. (consideration: CR H1514-1519)House floor actions
  16. 2025-04-07Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 294 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of S.J. Res. 18, S.J. Res. 28, H.R. 1526 and H.R. 22. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 22, H.R. 1526, S.J. Res. 18, and S.J. Res. 28 under a closed rule. The resolution provides for one hour of debate on each measure and one motion to recommit on H.R. 22 and H.R. 1526, and one motion to commit on S.J. Res. 18 and S.J. Res. 28.House floor actions
  17. 2025-04-01Rule H. Res. 282 failed passage of House.House floor actions
  18. 2025-04-01Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 282 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 22, H.R. 1526, S.J. Res. 18 and S.J. Res. 28. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 22, H.R. 1526, S.J. Res. 18, and S.J. Res. 28 under a closed rule. The resolution provides for one hour of debate on each measure and one motion to recommit on H.R. 22 and H.R. 1526, and one motion to commit on S.J. Res. 18 and S.J. Res. 28. The resolution also provides that H. Res. 23 and H. Res. 164 are laid on the table.House floor actions
  19. 2025-03-10Held at the DeskHouse floor actions
  20. 2025-03-10Received in the HouseHouse floor actions
  21. 2025-03-06Message on Senate action sent to the House.Senate
  22. 2025-03-05Passed Senate without amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 51 - 47. Record Vote Number: 106. Roll call recordSenate
  23. 2025-03-05Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate without amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 51 - 47. Record Vote Number: 106. Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  24. 2025-03-05Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1503, S1510-1511, S1520-1521)Senate
  25. 2025-03-04Measure laid before Senate by motion. (consideration: CR S1489)Senate
  26. 2025-03-04Motion to proceed to consideration of measure agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 50 - 47. Record Vote Number: 103. (CR S1489) Roll call recordSenate
  27. 2025-03-04Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 20.Senate
  28. 2025-03-04Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs discharged, by petition, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 802(c).Senate
  29. 2025-03-04Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs discharged, by petition, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 802(c).Library of Congress
  30. 2025-02-27Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.Senate
  31. 2025-02-27Introduced in SenateLibrary of Congress

Show key steps only

After it became law

Sourced

Since it became law on May 9, 2025, the Federal Register, the government's daily record of rules and notices, has published 4 documents that name it: 4 proposed rules.

Named in the body of the document

The quote shows how each one uses the law: as the reason for a change, as background, or in passing.

  1. Proposed ruleAug 8, 2025Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
    Defining Larger Participants of the Consumer Debt Collection Market
    S.J.Res.28--119th Congress (2025- 2026), Public Law 119-11; see also 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.
    Comments closed Sep 22, 2025 · Would change 12 CFR part 1090 · Significant rule
  2. Proposed ruleAug 8, 2025Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
    Defining Larger Participants of the International Money Transfer Market
    28--119th Congress (2025-2026), Public Law 119-11; see also 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.
    Comments closed Sep 22, 2025 · Would change 12 CFR part 1090 · Significant rule
  3. Proposed ruleAug 8, 2025Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
    Defining Larger Participants of the Automobile Financing Market
    28--119th Congress (2025- 2026), Public Law 119-11; see also 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.
    Comments closed Sep 22, 2025 · Would change 12 CFR part 1090 · Significant rule
  4. Proposed ruleAug 8, 2025Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
    Defining Larger Participants of the Consumer Reporting Market
    S.J.Res.28--119th Congress (2025- 2026), Public Law 119-11; see also 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.
    Comments closed Sep 22, 2025 · Would change 12 CFR part 1090 · Significant rule

Found by searching the Federal Register for Public Law 119-11 and the law's names, then reading each document: every one listed contains them, and the quote is its own words. An agency can carry out a law without naming it, so this list can miss some. Checked Oct 27, 2026. Every new law's rules

Recorded votes

Sourced

Mar 4, 2025 · Senate roll call 103 · needed 1/2

On the Motion to Proceed: Motion to Proceed Agreed to 50–47

R 50 yes, 1 no, 2 present or not votingI 0 yes, 2 noD 0 yes, 44 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Mar 5, 2025 · Senate roll call 106 · needed 1/2

On the Joint Resolution: Joint Resolution Passed 51–47

R 51 yes, 1 no, 1 present or not votingI 0 yes, 2 noD 0 yes, 44 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Apr 9, 2025 · House roll call 95 · needed 1/2

On Passage: Passed 219–211

R 219 yes, 0 no, 1 present or not votingD 0 yes, 211 no, 2 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Cosponsors

  • Jim Banks R-IN
  • Ted Budd R-NC
  • Deb Fischer R-NE
  • Bill Hagerty R-TN
  • Tim Scott R-SC