18 U.S.C. 207: Restrictions on former officers, employees, and elected officials of the executive and legislative branches

2018

• Pub. L. 115–123 struck out par. (3) which related to members of the independent payment advisory board. (Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018) Law text · (c)

2010

• Pub. L. 111–148, §3403(a)(2), added par. (3). (Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act) Law text · (c)

2007

• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(a), substituted "within 2 years" for "within 1 year" in concluding provisions. Law text · (d)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(3), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(3), added par. (2). Former par. (2) redesignated (3). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(2), redesignated par. (2) as (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (4). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(4)(A), substituted "of a Member of the House of Representatives to whom paragraph (7)(A) applies" for "of a Senator or an employee of a Member of the House of Representatives". Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(4)(B), struck out "Senator or" before "Member of the House" in cls. (i) and (ii). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(5), substituted "committee of the House of Representatives, or an employee of a joint committee of the Congress whose pay is disbursed by the Clerk of the House of Representatives, to whom paragraph (7)(A) applies" for "committee of Congress" and inserted "or… Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(2), redesignated par. (3) as (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (5). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(2), redesignated par. (4) as (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (6). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(6)(A), substituted "to whom paragraph (7)(A) applies" for "or an employee on the leadership staff of the Senate". Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(6)(B), substituted "any Member of the leadership of the House of Representatives and any employee on the leadership staff of the House of Representatives." for "the following: Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(2), redesignated par. (5) as (6). Former par. (6) redesignated (7). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(7), inserted "to whom paragraph (7)(B) applies" after "office of the Congress". Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(2), redesignated par. (6) as (7). Former par. (7) redesignated (9). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(8)(A), substituted "(4), and (5)" for "and (4)". Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(8)(B), substituted "paragraph (6)" for "paragraph (5)" and "level IV of the Executive Schedule" for "level 5 of the Senior Executive Service" and struck out "(or any comparable adjustment pursuant to interim authority of the President)" after "title 5". Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(9), added par. (8). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(1), redesignated par. (7) as (9). Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §101(b)(10), struck out "the Copyright Royalty Tribunal," after "Congressional Budget Office," and substituted "(4), or (5)" for "or (4)". Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 110–81, §104(a), inserted subpar. (A) designation and heading, realigned margins, and added subpar. (B). Law text · (j)

2004

• Pub. L. 108–271 substituted "Government Accountability Office" for "General Accounting Office". (GAO Human Capital Reform Act of 2004) Law text · (e)

2003

• Pub. L. 108–136 amended cl. (ii) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (ii) read as follows: "employed in a position which is not referred to in clause (i) and for which the basic rate of pay, exclusive of any locality-based pay adjustment under section 5302 of title 5 (or any c… (National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004) Law text · (c)

2002

• Pub. L. 107–347, §209(d)(1), added cl. (v). (E-Government Act of 2002) Law text · (c)
• Pub. L. 107–347, §209(d)(3), added subsec. (l). (E-Government Act of 2002) Law text · (l)

1998

• Pub. L. 105–244 substituted "section 101" for "section 1201(a)". (Higher Education Amendments of 1998) Law text · (j)

1996

• Pub. L. 104–179, §6, substituted "level 5 of the Senior Executive Service," for "level V of the Executive Schedule,". Law text · (c)
• Pub. L. 104–208 substituted "level 5 of the Senior Executive Service" for "level V of the Executive Schedule". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (e)
• Pub. L. 104–179, §5, added par. (7). Law text · (j)

1995

• Pub. L. 104–65 inserted "or Deputy United States Trade Representative" after "is the United States Trade Representative" and substituted "at any time" for "within 3 years". (Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995) Law text · (f)

1994

• Pub. L. 103–322, §330010(15), substituted "restrictions" for "Restrictions" in heading. · (a)
• Pub. L. 103–322, §330002(i), substituted a comma for semicolon at end. · (c)

1992

• Pub. L. 102–395 added par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3). · (f), (3)

1991

• Pub. L. 102–25 reinstated subsec. (k) as originally enacted by Pub. L. 101–189. See 1989 Amendment note and Effective Date of 1991 Amendments note below. · (k)
• Pub. L. 102–190 designated existing provisions as cl. (i) and added cl. (ii). · (k)

1990

• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(1), amended subsec. (a)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by inserting "(including any special Government employee)" after "who is an officer or employee", striking out "Government" after "executive branch of the United States", "and any special Government em… · (a)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a), amended subsec. (a)(2), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "or the District of Columbia, knowingly" for "Government, knowingly" and "(except the United States or the District of Columbia)" for "(except the United States)", in subpar. (A) inserting… · (a)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(3), amended subsec. (a), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by adding par. (3). · (a)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(4), amended subsec. (b)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "a former officer or employee of the executive branch of the United States (including any independent agency) and is" for "a former officer or employee", substituting "or any person who… · (b)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §5(d), substituted "shall be subject to the penalties set forth in section 216 of this title" for "shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than two years, or both" in concluding provisions of subsec. (c) as in effect on May 4, 1990. · (c)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(5)(A), amended subsec. (c)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "(including any special Government employee) of the executive branch of the United States" for "of the executive branch". · (c)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(5)(B)(i), amended subsec. (c)(2)(A)(i), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by inserting "specified in or" after "employed at a rate of pay" and striking out "or a comparable or greater rate of pay under other authority," after "chapter 53 of title 5,". · (c)
• Pub. L. 101–509, §529 [title I, §101(b)(8)(A)(i)], added cl. (ii) and struck out former cl. (ii) which read as follows: "employed in a position which is not referred to in clause (i) and for which the rate of basic pay is equal to or greater than the rate of basic pay payable… · (c)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(5)(B)(ii), amended subsec. (a)(2)(A)(ii), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "rate of basic" for "basic rate of" wherever appearing. · (c)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(5)(B)(iii), amended subsec. (c)(2)(C), (D), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by redesignating subpar. (D) as (C) and striking out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: "Subparagraph (A)(ii) includes persons employed in the Senior Executive Service at… · (c), (D)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(6)(A), amended subsec. (d)(1)(B), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "in the executive branch of the United States (including any independent agency)" for "paid". · (d)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(6)(B), amended subsec. (d)(2), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "Persons who may not be contacted" for "Entities to which restrictions apply" in heading, and striking out "other" after "any" in subpar. (B). · (d)
• Pub. L. 101–509, §529 [title I, §101(b)(8)(A)(ii)], added par. (6) and struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: "The restrictions contained in paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) apply only to acts by a former employee who, for at least 60 days, in the aggregate, during the 1… · (e)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(7)(A), amended subsec. (e)(6), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "rate of basic" for "basic rate of" wherever appearing. · (e)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(7)(B), amended subsec. (e)(7)(L), (M), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by inserting "on or" before "after the effective date". · (e), (M)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(8)(A), amended subsec. (f)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "such subsection" for "subsection (c), (d), or (e), as the case may be". · (f)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(8)(B), amended subsec. (f)(1)(A), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by striking out "the interests of" after "represents" and "of the Government" after "department or agency". · (f)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(8)(C), amended subsec. (f)(1)(B), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by striking out "of the Government" after "department or agency". · (f)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(9), amended subsec. (i)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by adding par. (1) and striking out former par. (1) which read as follows: "the term 'intent to influence' means the intent to affect any official action by a Government entity of the United States thr… · (i)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(10)(A), amended subsec. (j)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "this section" for "subsections (a), (c), (d), and (e)", "on behalf of" for "as an officer or employee of", and "or the District of Columbia" for "Government". · (j)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(10)(B), amended subsec. (j)(3), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "this section" for "subsections (c), (d), and (e)" and "in which the United States participates, if the Secretary of State certifies in advance that such activity is in the interest… · (j)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(10)(C), amended subsec. (j)(4), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "Special" for "Personal matters and special" in heading, substituting "prevent an individual" for "apply to appearances or communications by a former officer or employee concerning … · (j)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(10)(D), amended subsec. (j)(5), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "and (d)" for "(d), and (e)" and inserting "For purposes of this paragraph, the term 'officer or employee' includes the Vice President." · (j)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(10)(E)(ii), amended subsec. (j)(6), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "sentence—" for "sentence, a former officer or employee subject to the restrictions contained in subsection (a)(1) with respect to a particular matter may not, except pursuant t… · (j)
• Pub. L. 101–280, §2(a)(10)(E)(i), amended subsec. (j)(6), as amended by Pub. L. 101–194, by substituting "an individual" for "a former Member of Congress or officer or employee of the executive or legislative branch or an independent agency (including the Vice President and any special Government e… · (j)

1989

• Pub. L. 101–194 amended section generally, substituting "Restrictions on former officers, employees, and elected officials of the executive and legislative branches" for "Disqualification of former officers and employees; disqualification of partners of current officers and employees" as section ca…
• Pub. L. 101–189 added subsec. (k). · (k)

1979

• Pub. L. 96–28, §1, substituted "by personal presence at any formal or informal appearance" for "concerning any formal or informal appearance" in cl. (ii) of provisions before par. (1), and, in par. (3), inserted "as to (i)," before "which was actually pending" and ", as to (ii)," befor… · (b)
• Pub. L. 96–28, §2, designated existing provisions as par. (1), designated existing pars. (1) and (3) as subpars. (A) and (B) of par. (1) as so designated, and added subpar. (C) of par. (1) and par. (2), incorporating into the new par. and subpar. portions of former provisions relating … · (d)

1978

• Pub. L. 95–521 expanded section to include provisions designed to more effectively deal with the problem of the disproportionate influence former officers and employees might have upon the government processes and decision-making in their previous departments or agencies when they return in the rol…