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The law › Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure › Chapter 58

28 U.S.C. 994: Duties of the Commission

Created in 1984 by Public Law 98-473. Changed by 10 later laws. No bill we track in this Congress changes it.

21 other sections of the Code cite this one, including 6 U.S.C. 124n–1, 6 U.S.C. 657, 15 U.S.C. 7703, 18 U.S.C. 1028A, 18 U.S.C. 3143.

This Congress

No bill we track in the 119th Congress changes this section.

    How it got here

    2006

    • Pub. L. 109–304 substituted "chapter 705 of title 46" for "the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act (46 U.S.C. App. 1901 et seq.)". Law text · (h), (2)
    • Pub. L. 109–177, §735(1)(A), (C), inserted ", in a format approved and required by the Commission," after "submits to the Commission" in introductory provisions and inserted concluding provisions. (USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005) Law text · (w)
    • Pub. L. 109–177, §735(1)(B), inserted "written" before "statement of reasons for the sentence imposed" and "and which shall be stated on the written statement of reasons form issued by the Judicial Conference and approved by the United States Sentencing Commission" after "applica… (USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005) Law text · (w)
    • Pub. L. 109–177, §735(2), substituted "itself may assemble or maintain in electronic form as a result of the" for "may assemble or maintain in electronic form that include any". (USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005) Law text · (w)

    2003

    • Pub. L. 108–21, §401(k), substituted "consistent with all pertinent provisions of any Federal statute" for "consistent with all pertinent provisions of this title and title 18, United States Code,". (Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to end the Exploitation of Children Today Act of 2003) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–21, §401(h), amended subsec. (w) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (w) read as follows: "The appropriate judge or officer shall submit to the Commission in connection with each sentence imposed (other than a sentence imposed for a petty offense, as defined in title 18,… (Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to end the Exploitation of Children Today Act of 2003) Law text · (w)

    1994

    • Pub. L. 103–322, §330003(f)(1), substituted "the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act (46 U.S.C. App. 1901 et seq.)" for "section 1 of the Act of September 15, 1980 (21 U.S.C. 955a)". · (h), (2)
    • Pub. L. 103–322, §280005(c)(4), substituted "the defendant" for "he" and "the defendant's" for "his". · (i)
    • Pub. L. 103–322, §20403(b), added subsec. (y). · (y)

    1988

    • Pub. L. 100–690, §7103(b), added subpar. (E). · (a)
    • Pub. L. 100–690, §7083, substituted "as a minimum sentence" for "as minimum sentence". · (n)
    • Pub. L. 100–690, §7109, amended subsec. (p) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (p) read as follows: "The Commission, at or after the beginning of a regular session of Congress but not later than the first day of May, shall report to the Congress any amendments of the guidelines pro… · (p)

    1987

    • Pub. L. 100–182, §23(a), substituted "two years" for "one year". · (r)
    • Pub. L. 100–182, §23(b), struck out at end: "Within one hundred and eighty days of the filing of such petition the Commission shall provide written notice to the defendant whether or not it has approved the petition. If the petition is disapproved the written notice shall contain the r… · (s)
    • Pub. L. 100–182, §16(b), inserted "(other than a sentence imposed for a petty offense, as defined in title 18, for which there is no applicable sentencing guideline)" after "each sentence imposed". · (w)

    1986

    • Pub. L. 99–363, §2(1)(B), amended subpar. (C) generally, inserting "3564," after "3563(c),". · (a)
    • Pub. L. 99–363, §2(1)(A), (C), added subpar. (D) and redesignated former subpars. (D) and (E) as (E) and (F), respectively. · (a)
    • Pub. L. 99–570, §1006(b), inserted "and revocation of supervised release" after "supervised release". · (a)
    • Pub. L. 99–363, §2(2), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: "guidelines or general policy statements regarding the appropriate use of the probation revocation provisions set forth in section 3565 of title 18, and the provisions for modification of the term or co… · (a)
    • Pub. L. 99–363, §2(3), designated existing provisions as pars. (1) and (2), and in par. (2) substituted "the greater of 25 percent or 6 months, except that, if the maximum term of the range is 30 years or more, the maximum may be life imprisonment" for "25 per centum". · (b)
    • Pub. L. 99–646, §56, substituted "that, if the minimum" for "that, if the maximum". · (b)
    • Pub. L. 99–646, §6(b)(1), (2), substituted "guidelines specify" for "guidelines will specify" and struck out "by section 3581(b) of title 18, United States Code," after "term authorized" in introductory text. · (h)
    • Pub. L. 99–646, §6(b)(2), substituted "guidelines specify" for "guidelines will specify". · (i)
    • Pub. L. 99–570, §1008(1), (2), added subsec. (n) and redesignated former subsecs. (n) to (t) as (o) to (u), respectively. · (n), (o), (p), (q), (r), (s), (t)
    • Pub. L. 99–646, §6(b)(3), which directed that subsec. (t) be amended by inserting "in what circumstances and" after "specify" and striking out "that are outside the applicable guideline ranges" after "terms of imprisonment", was executed to subsec. (u) to reflect the probable intent of… · (u)
    • Pub. L. 99–570, §1008(2), redesignated subsec. (t) as (u). · (u)
    • Pub. L. 99–570, §1008(2), redesignated former subsecs. (u) to (w) as (v) to (x), respectively. · (v), (w), (x)

    1985

    • Pub. L. 99–217 substituted "not later than one year after the initial set of sentencing guidelines promulgated under subsection (a) goes into effect" for "within three years of the date of enactment of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1983". · (q)

    Text, outline and history from the official U.S. Code (2024 edition) on GovInfo, published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Changes made after that edition appear under This Congress.