The law › Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare › Chapter 45
42 U.S.C. 3631: Violations; penalties
Created in 1968 by Public Law 90-284. Changed by 4 later laws. 1 bill in this Congress would change it.
- past change
- enacted this Congress
- proposed
This Congress
- H.R. 5443 Fair Housing Improvement Act of 2025 · introduced · would change the section as a whole
How it got here
1996
- Pub. L. 104–294, §604(b)(27), substituted "under title 18" for "under this title" wherever appearing in closing provisions. (Economic Espionage Act of 1996) Law text
- Pub. L. 104–294, §604(b)(15), made technical amendment to directory language of Pub. L. 103–322, §320103(e). See 1994 Amendment note below. (Economic Espionage Act of 1996) Law text
1994
- Pub. L. 103–322, §320103(e)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 104–294, §604(b)(15), which directed amendment in the caption by striking "bodily injury; death;", could not be executed because the words "bodily injury; death;" do not appear in the section catchline in the original.
- Pub. L. 103–322, §320103(e)(2)–(7), as amended by Pub. L. 104–294, §604(b)(15), in concluding provisions, substituted "under this title" for "not more than $1,000," before "or imprisoned not more than one year", inserted "from the acts committed in violation of this section or if such acts include …
1988
- Cls. (a), (b)(1), (c). Pub. L. 100–430 inserted ", handicap (as such term is defined in section 3602 of this title), familial status (as such term is defined in section 3602 of this title)," after "sex". · (b), (c)
1974
- Pub. L. 93–383 inserted ", sex" after "religion" wherever appearing in cls. (a), (b)(1), and (c).
Text, outline and history from the official U.S. Code (2024 edition) on GovInfo, published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Changes made after that edition appear under This Congress.