WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

The law › Title 49, Transportation › Chapter 463

49 U.S.C. 46301: Civil penalties

Created in 1994 by Public Law 103-272. Changed by 19 later laws. No bill we track in this Congress changes it.

2 other sections of the Code cite this one, including 49 U.S.C. 1133, 49 U.S.C. 41110.

11 parts of federal rules cite it as their authority, written by Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation (7), Office of the Secretary, Department of Transportation (Aviation Proceedings) (2), National Transportation Safety Board (1), Transportation Security Administration, Department of Homeland Security (1).

This Congress

No bill we track in the 119th Congress changes this section.

    How it got here

    2024

    • Pub. L. 118–63, §507(a), substituted "$75,000" for "$25,000" in introductory provisions. (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §770(b)(1), inserted "section 47107(a)(22) (including any assurance made under such section)," after "chapter 451,". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §504(b), substituted "chapter 423 (except section 42306)" for "chapter 423". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §1101(t)(1), substituted "Failure to collect airport security badges" for "Failure To Collect Airport Security Badges" in heading. (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §1101(t)(2), substituted "Penalties relating to harm to passengers with disabilities" for "Penalties Relating to Harm to Passengers With Disabilities" in heading. (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §770(b)(2), added par. (8). (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §371, inserted "section 42121," before "chapter 441". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §345(1), added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: "the amount in controversy is more than— (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 118–63, §345(2), added par. (8) and struck out former par. (8) which read as follows: "The maximum civil penalty the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, or Board may impose under this subsection i… (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024) Law text · (d)

    2018

    • Pub. L. 115–254, §372(e)(1), inserted "chapter 448," after "chapter 447 (except sections 44717 and 44719–44723),". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(A)(i), substituted "chapter 451" for "or chapter 451". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §372(e)(2), inserted "chapter 448," after "chapter 447 (except sections 44717–44723),". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(A)(ii), inserted "of Transportation" after "Secretary". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §436, added par. (7). (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(B)(i), substituted "defined by the Secretary of Transportation" for "defined by the Secretary" and "Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall" for "Administrator shall". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §372(e)(3), inserted "chapter 448," after "chapter 447 (except sections 44717 and 44719–44723),". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(B)(ii), substituted "Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration" for "Administrator" wherever appearing. (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(B)(ii), (iii), substituted "Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration" for "Under Secretary" and "Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration" for "Administrator" in introductory provisions. (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(C), inserted "of Transportation" after "Secretary" in introductory provisions. (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (e)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §372(e)(4), inserted "chapter 448," after "chapter 447 (except sections 44717 and 44719–44723),". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (f)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(D), substituted "Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration" for "Administrator". (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (g)
    • Pub. L. 115–254, §1991(g)(1)(E), substituted "Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration or the Administrator of the Federal Av… (FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018) Law text · (h)

    2016

    • Pub. L. 114–190 inserted "section 46320," after "section 46319,". Law text · (d)

    2014

    • Pub. L. 113–188 substituted "section 47107(k)" for "section 47107(l)". (Government Reports Elimination Act of 2014) Law text · (d)

    2012

    • Pub. L. 112–95, §803(1), inserted "chapter 451," before "section 47107(b)". (FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 112–95, §415(b), inserted "chapter 423," after "chapter 421,". (FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 112–95, §803(2)(B), inserted ", or chapter 451" after "44907–44909)". (FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 112–95, §803(2)(A), which directed the substitution of "chapter 449" for "or chapter 449", could not be executed because of the prior amendment by Pub. L. 112–74, §564(a). See 2011 Amendment note below. (FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 112–95, §415(b), inserted "chapter 423," after "chapter 421,". (FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012) Law text · (c)
    • Pub. L. 112–95, §803(3), substituted "44723), chapter 451," for "44723) or", "section 46302" for "46302", "section 46318, section 46319, or section 47107(b)" for "46318, or 47107(b)" in first sentence , and "section 46302" for "46302", "or section 46303 of this title" for "46303,", … (FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 112–95, §803(4), substituted "chapter 449" for "or chapter 449" and inserted ", or chapter 451" after "44909)". (FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012) Law text · (f)

    2011

    • Pub. L. 112–74 substituted "chapter 449" for "or chapter 449" and inserted ", or section 46314(a)" after "44909)". (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2012) Law text · (a)

    2007

    • Pub. L. 110–53 struck out "or another requirement under this title administered by the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security" after "chapter 449". (Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 110–161 added par. (6). (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008) Law text · (a)

    2004

    • Pub. L. 108–458, §4027(a)(1)–(3), substituted "46302 (for a violation relating to section 46504)," for "46302, 46303,", "The Secretary of Homeland Security may" for "The Under Secretary of Transportation for Security may", "44909), 46302 (except for a violation relating to section 4… (Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 108–458, §4027(a)(3), substituted "Secretary of Homeland Security or" for "Under Secretary or". (Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 108–458, §4027(a)(3), substituted "Secretary of Homeland Security or" for "Under Secretary or" in introductory provisions. (Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 108–458, §4027(a)(4), realigned margins. (Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004) Law text · (d)

    2003

    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(1), substituted "$25,000 (or $1,100 if the person is an individual or small business concern)" for "$1,000" in introductory provisions. (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(2), (3), struck out "or" before "section 47107(b)" and substituted "section), or section 47133" for "section)". (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(5), substituted "section 41719" for "section 41715" in two places. (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(4), redesignated par. (4) as (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: "A person operating an aircraft for the transportation of passengers or property for compensation (except an airman serving as an airman) is liable to the Government for a civil penalty o… (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(4), redesignated par. (5) as (3) and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: "A civil penalty of not more than $10,000 may be imposed for each violation under paragraph (1) of this subsection related to (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(6), substituted "paragraph (1)" for "paragraphs (1) and (2)". (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(4), redesignated par. (8) as (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (2). (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(7), added par. (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (3). (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(4), struck out heading and text of par. (6). Text read as follows: "Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the maximum civil penalty for violating section 41715 shall be $5,000 instead of $1,000." (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(4), struck out heading and text of par. (7). Text read as follows: "Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (4), the maximum civil penalty for violating section 40127 or 41712 (including a regulation prescribed or order issued under such section) or any other reg… (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(a)(4), redesignated par. (8) as (4). (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(b)(1), substituted "more than—" for "more than $50,000;" and added cls. (i) to (iii). (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(b)(2), substituted "is—" for "is $50,000." and added subpars. (A) to (C). (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 108–176, §503(c), added subsec. (i). (Vision 100--Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act) Law text · (i)

    2002

    • Pub. L. 107–296 added par. (8). (Homeland Security Act of 2002) Law text · (a)

    2001

    • Pub. L. 107–71, §140(d)(1)(C), inserted "Under Secretary or" before "Administrator shall". (Aviation and Transportation Security Act) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 107–71, §140(d)(1)(B), inserted after first sentence "The Under Secretary of Transportation for Security may impose a civil penalty for a violation of chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44907(a)–(d)(1)(A), 44907(d)(1)(C)–(f), 44908, and 44909) or a regulation prescribed or order … (Aviation and Transportation Security Act) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 107–71, §140(d)(1)(A), which directed amendment of subsec. (d)(2) by striking out ", chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44907(a)–(d)(1)(A) and (d)(1)(C)–(f), 44908, and 44909),", was executed by striking out ", chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44904, 44907(a)–(d)(1)(… (Aviation and Transportation Security Act) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 107–71, §140(d)(2), substituted "Under Secretary or Administrator" for "Administrator". (Aviation and Transportation Security Act) Law text · (d), (4)
    • Pub. L. 107–71, §140(d)(3), substituted "Under Secretary, Administrator," for "Administrator". (Aviation and Transportation Security Act) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 107–71, §140(d)(4), inserted "the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security with respect to security duties and powers designated to be carried out by the Under Secretary or" after "(or". (Aviation and Transportation Security Act) Law text · (h)

    2000

    • Pub. L. 106–181, §§519(c), 720(1), substituted "subchapter II or III of chapter 421" for "subchapter II of chapter 421" and struck out "46302, 46303, or" before "47107(b) (including". (Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 106–181, §503(c), added subpar. (C). (Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 106–181, §§504(b), 707(b), added subpars. (D) and (E). (Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century) Law text · (a), (E)
    • Pub. L. 106–181, §222(b), inserted heading and realigned margins. (Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 106–181, §222(a), added par. (7). (Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 106–424 substituted "46301(b), 46302, 46303, 46318," for "46302, 46303,". (National Transportation Safety Board Amendments Act of 2000) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 106–181, §720(2), substituted "a penalty on a person" for "a penalty on an individual". (Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 106–181, §720(3), inserted "or the Administrator" after "Secretary". (Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century) Law text · (g)

    1997

    • Pub. L. 105–102 repealed Pub. L. 104–264, §§502(c), 1220(b). See 1996 Amendment notes below. Law text · (a), (2), (d), (f)

    1996

    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(A)(iii), (iv), inserted "or" after "46303," and struck out ", or 41715" after "under such section)". Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(A)(ii), substituted "section 44502(b) or (c), chapter 447 (except sections 44717 and 44719–44723), chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44904, 44907(a)–(d)(1)(A) and (d)(1)(C)–(f), and 44908), or section" for "or any of sections 44701(a) or (b), 44702–44716, 44901, … Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(A)(i), substituted "chapter 413 (except sections 41307 and 41310(b)–(f)), chapter 415 (except sections 41502, 41505, and 41507–41509), chapter 417 (except sections 41703, 41704, 41710, 41713, and 41714)," for "any of sections 41301–41306, 41308–41310(a), 41501, 41503, 41504,… Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §1220(b), which directed amendment of subpar. (A) by inserting "44718(d)," after "44716,", was repealed by Pub. L. 105–102. (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §502(c)(1), which directed amendment of subpar. (A) by inserting "44724," after "44718(d),", was repealed by Pub. L. 105–102. (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(B), substituted ", section 44502(b) or (c), chapter 447 (except sections 44717–44723), or chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44904, and 44907–44909)" for "or any of sections 44701(a) or (b), 44702–44716, 44901, 44903(b) or (c), 44905, 44906, 449… Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §502(c)(2), which directed amendment of subpar. (A) by inserting "44724," after "44716,", was repealed by Pub. L. 105–102. (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(C), realigned margins of subpars. (A) and (B). Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §804(b), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "In the case of a violation of section 47107(b) of this title, the maximum civil penalty for a continuing violation shall not exceed $50,000." (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (a)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(D)(ii), (iii), struck out "or" before "subchapter II" and inserted ", or section 44909" before "of this title". Law text · (c)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(D)(i), substituted "chapter 413 (except sections 41307 and 41310(b)–(f)), chapter 415 (except sections 41502, 41505, and 41507–41509), chapter 417 (except sections 41703, 41704, 41710, 41713, and 41714)," for "any of sections 41301–41306, 41308–41310(a), 41501, 41503, 41504,… Law text · (c)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(E), substituted "section 44502(b) or (c), chapter 447 (except sections 44717 and 44719–44723), chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44904, 44907(a)–(d)(1)(A) and (d)(1)(C)–(f), 44908, and 44909), or section" for "or any of sections 44701(a) or (b), 4… Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §1220(b), which directed amendment of par. (2) by inserting "44718(d)," after "44716,", was repealed by Pub. L. 105–102. (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §502(c)(1), which directed amendment of par. (2) by inserting "44724," after "44718(d),", was repealed by Pub. L. 105–102. (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (d)
    • Pub. L. 104–287, §5(77)(F), substituted "section 44502(b) or (c), chapter 447 (except sections 44717 and 44719–44723), or chapter 449 (except sections 44902, 44903(d), 44904, 44907(a)–(d)(1)(A) and (d)(1)(C)–(f), 44908, and 44909)" for "or any of sections 44701(a) or (b), 4470… Law text · (f)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §1220(b), which directed amendment of cl. (i) by inserting "44718(d)," after "44716,", was repealed by Pub. L. 105–102. (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (f)
    • Pub. L. 104–264, §502(c)(1), which directed amendment of cl. (i) by inserting "44724," after "44718(d),", was repealed by Pub. L. 105–102. (Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996) Law text · (f)

    1994

    • Pub. L. 103–429, §6(60)(A), substituted "any of sections 41301–41306" for "section 41301–41306" and "any of sections 44701(a)" for "section 44701(a)". · (a)
    • Pub. L. 103–305, §207(c)(1), inserted ", or 41715" before "of this title". · (a)
    • Pub. L. 103–305, §112(c)(1)(A), substituted "46303, 47107(b) (including any assurance made under such section)" for "or 46303". · (a)
    • Pub. L. 103–429, §6(60)(B), substituted "any of sections 44701(a)" for "section 44701(a)". · (a)
    • Pub. L. 103–305, §207(c)(2), inserted "(other than a violation of section 41715)" after "the violation" in two places. · (a)
    • Pub. L. 103–305, §112(c)(1)(B), added par. (5). · (a)
    • Pub. L. 103–305, §207(c)(3), added par. (6). · (a)
    • Pub. L. 103–429, §6(60)(C), substituted "any of sections 41301–41306" for "section 41301–41306". · (c)
    • Pub. L. 103–429, §6(60)(B), substituted "any of sections 44701(a)" for "section 44701(a)". · (d)
    • Pub. L. 103–305, §112(c)(2), substituted "46303, or 47107(b) (as further defined by the Secretary under section 47107(l) and including any assurance made under section 47107(b))" for "or 46303". · (d)
    • Pub. L. 103–305, §112(c)(3), added subpar. (D). · (d)
    • Pub. L. 103–429, §6(60)(B), substituted "any of sections 44701(a)" for "section 44701(a)". · (f)

    Text, outline and history from the official U.S. Code (2024 edition) on GovInfo, published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Changes made after that edition appear under This Congress.