The law › Title 8, Aliens and Nationality › Chapter 12
8 U.S.C. 1228: Expedited removal of aliens convicted of committing aggravated felonies
Created in 1988 by Public Law 100-690. Changed by 6 later laws. No bill we track in this Congress changes it.
3 other sections of the Code cite this one, including 8 U.S.C. 1229a, 8 U.S.C. 1368, 18 U.S.C. 3632.
11 parts of federal rules cite it as their authority, written by Department of Homeland Security (6), Executive Office for Immigration Review, Department of Justice (4), Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Secretary (1).
- past change
- enacted this Congress
- proposed
This Congress
No bill we track in the 119th Congress changes this section.
How it got here
1996
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(b)(5), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in section catchline. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(10), substituted "Removal" for "Deportation" in heading. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(1), substituted "1227(a)(2)(A)(iii)" for "1251(a)(2)(A)(iii)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in two places. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(c)(4)(A), inserted at end "Nothing in this section shall be construed to create any substantive or procedural right or benefit that is legally enforceable by any party against the United States or its agencies or officers or any other person." (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(c)(1)(A), substituted "section 1229a" for "section 1252". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §440(g)(1)(B), struck out ", where warranted," after "assures expeditious deportation". (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §440(g)(1)(A), as amended by Pub. L. 104–208, §§306(d), 308(g)(10)(H), 671(c)(5), substituted "any criminal offense covered in section 1251(a)(2)(A)(iii), (B), (C), or (D) of this title, or any offense covered by section 1227(a)(2)(A)(ii) of this title for which both predicate offe… (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(c)(1)(B), substituted "section 1226(c)" for "section 1252(a)(2)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §440(g)(2), which directed substitution of "any criminal offense covered in section 1251(a)(2)(A)(iii), (B), (C), or (D) of this title, or any offense covered by section 1251(a)(2)(A)(ii) of this title for which both predicate offenses are covered by section 1251(a)(2)(A)(i) of thi… (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation" wherever appearing. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (a), (4)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(10), substituted "Removal" for "Deportation" in heading. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(5)(C), substituted "section 1229a" for "section 1252(b)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(c)(1)(C), substituted "section 1227(a)(2)(A)(iii)" for "section 1251(a)(2)(A)(iii)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(1)(A), substituted "or" for "and" at end. (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(1)(B), amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: "is not eligible for any relief from deportation under this chapter." (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(2)(A), substituted "section 1252" for "section 1105a". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(2), substituted "14 calendar days" for "30 calendar days". (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(3), substituted "proceedings" for "proccedings". (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §304(c)(1)(A), (B), redesignated subpar. (E) as (D) and amended it generally, and struck out former subpar. (D). Prior to amendments, subpars. (D) and (E) read as follows: (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(4)(B), added subpar. (D). Former subpar. (D) redesignated (F). (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §304(c)(1)(C), redesignated subpar. (F) as (E). Former subpar. (E) amended generally and redesignated (D). (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(4)(B), added subpar. (E). Former subpar. (E) redesignated (G). (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §304(c)(1)(C), redesignated subpar. (G) as (F). Former subpar. (F) redesignated (E). (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(4)(A), redesignated subpar. (D) as (F). (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §304(c)(1)(C), redesignated subpar. (G) as (F). (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(4)(A), redesignated subpar. (E) as (G). (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(a)(5), added par. (5). (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §671(b)(13), redesignated subsec. (d) relating to judicial removal as (c). (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(10), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in heading. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–132, §442(c), added subsec. (c), relating to presumption of deportability. (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(1), substituted "section 1227(a)(2)(A)" for "section 1251(a)(2)(A)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(5)(D), substituted "section 1229a" for "section 1252(b)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(2)(D), substituted "removed" for "deported". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(10), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in heading. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(2)(A), substituted "section 1252" for "section 1105a". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(2)(C), substituted "section 1252(b)(1)" for "section 1105a(a)(1)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in two places. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation" wherever appearing. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(5)(A)(ii), substituted "section 1229a" for "section 1252". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(g)(1), substituted "section 1227(a)" for "section 1251(a)". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in two places. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(10), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in heading. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §308(e)(1)(F), substituted "removal" for "deportation" in two places. (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §671(b)(13), redesignated subsec. (d) relating to judicial removal as (c). (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (d)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §374(a)(1), substituted "who is deportable" for "whose criminal conviction causes such alien to be deportable under section 1251(a)(2)(A) of this title". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (d)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §374(a)(2), struck out "without a decision on the merits" after "Denial". (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (d)
- Pub. L. 104–208, §374(a)(3), added par. (5). (Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act) Law text · (d)
1994
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(1), struck out "procedures for" after "Expedited" in section catchline.
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(2), substituted subsec. heading for one which read "In general", redesignated existing subsec. (a) as par. (1) of subsec. (a), and inserted heading. · (a)
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(3), redesignated subsec. (b) as par. (2) of subsec. (a). · (a)
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(5), redesignated subsec. (d) as par. (3) of subsec. (a), and redesignated pars. (1) and (2) of former subsec. (d) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, of subsec. (a)(3). · (a)
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(6), redesignated subsec. (e) as par. (4) of subsec. (a), redesignated par. (1) of former subsec. (e) as subpar. (A) of subsec. (a)(4) and struck out at end "Within 12 months after the effective date of this section, the Attorney General shall submit a rep… · (a)
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(a), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated par. (2) of subsec. (a). · (b)
- Pub. L. 103–416, §223(a), struck out "the determination of deportability is supported by clear, convincing, and unequivocal evidence and" before "a record is" in subpar. (D) and substituted "adjudicated" for "entered" in subpar. (E). · (b), (E)
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(4), struck out heading and text of subsec. (c). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "An alien convicted of an aggravated felony shall be conclusively presumed to be deportable from the United States." · (c)
- Pub. L. 103–416, §224(a), added subsec. (d). · (d)
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(5), redesignated subsec. (d) as par. (3) of subsec. (a). · (d)
- Pub. L. 103–322, §130004(c)(6), redesignated subsec. (e) as par. (4) of subsec. (a). · (e)
1991
- Pub. L. 102–232 inserted closing parenthesis before period at end of first sentence. · (a)
1990
- Pub. L. 101–649 struck out before period at end ", unless the chief prosecutor or the judge in whose jurisdiction conviction occurred submits a written request to the Attorney General that such alien be so deported". · (d)
Text, outline and history from the official U.S. Code (2024 edition) on GovInfo, published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Changes made after that edition appear under This Congress.