WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

H.R. 2045 · 119th Congress

Medicare Dental, Vision, and Hearing Benefit Act of 2025

IntroducedHealth
IntroducedMar 11, 2025
Passed HouseNot yet
Passed SenateNot yet
To PresidentNot yet
Became lawNot yet

Where it stands

Introduced. Latest step, Mar 11, 2025: Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Ways and Means. It would change 7 sections of existing law.

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

H.R. 2045 would change 7 sections of existing law. Read from the bill text as introduced in the House (Mar 11, 2025).

42 U.S.C. 1395x Definitions

  • (ll) Speech-language pathology services; audiology services added to · Sec. 4(a) · see the words
  • (n) Durable medical equipment changed · Sec. 3(f) · see the words
  • (nnn) new · Sec. 2(b) · see the words
  • (s) Medical and other health services added to · Sec. 2(a), Sec. 2(e) · see the words

42 U.S.C. 1395l Payment of benefits

42 U.S.C. 1395m Special payment rules for particular items and services

42 U.S.C. 1395w-4 Payment for physicians' services

42 U.S.C. 1395y Exclusions from coverage and medicare as secondary payer

  • (a) Items or services specifically excluded removed · Sec. 2(f), Sec. 3(g) · see the words

42 U.S.C. 1395w-3 Competitive acquisition of certain items and services

  • (a) Establishment of competitive acquisition programs changed · Sec. 5(1), Sec. 5(2) · see the words

42 U.S.C. 299b-4 Research supporting primary care and access in underserved areas

  • (a) Preventive Services Task Force changed · Sec. 6(a) · see the words
What the words would change: every change, in place (21)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what would be struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(2)(II)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(a)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (II), by striking "and" after the semicolon at the end;

  2. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(2)(JJ)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(a)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (JJ), by adding "and" after the semicolon at the end; and

  3. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(2)added (KK)by H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(a)

    (KK) dental and oral health services (as defined in subsection (nnn));

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

  4. 42 U.S.C. 1395xadded (nnn)by H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(b)

    (nnn) Dental and oral health services.— The term dental and oral health services means—(1) preventative and screening services, such as oral exams, dental cleanings, dental x-rays, and fluoride treatments;(2) basic dental services, such as tooth restorations, basic periodontics services, tooth extractions, and oral disease management services;(3) major dental services, such as major tooth restorations, major periodontics services, bridges, crowns, root canals, and extractions;(4) emergency dental care; and(5) other necessary services related to dental or oral health (as defined by the Secretary).

    The bill says: Section 1861 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

  5. 42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)(1)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(c)

    (1) in the case of services described in section 1395k(a)(1) of this title—80 percent of the reasonable charges for the services; except that (A) an organization which provides medical and other health services (or arranges for their availability) on a prepayment basis (and either is sponsored by a union or employer, or does not provide, or arrange for the provision of, any inpatient hospital services) may elect to be paid…

    The bill says: by striking "and" before "(GG)"; and

  6. 42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)(1)addedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(c)

    The bill says: by inserting before the semicolon at the end the following: ", and (HH) with respect to dental and oral health services (as defined in section 1861(lll)), the amount paid shall be the payment amount specified under section 1834(aa)".

  7. 42 U.S.C. 1395madded (aa)by H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(c)

    (aa) Payment and limits for dental and oral health services.—(1) In general.— The payment amount under this part for dental and oral health services (as defined in section 1861(nnn)) shall be, subject to paragraph (3), the applicable percent (specified in paragraph (2)) of the lesser of the actual charge for the services or the amount determined under the payment basis determined under section 1848.(2) Applicable percent.—(A) In general.— For purposes of paragraph (1), except as provided in subparagraph (B), the applicable percent specified in this paragraph is—(i) with respect to services described in section 1861(nnn)(1) furnished during 2026 or a subsequent year, 100 percent; and(ii) with respect to services not described in clause (i)—(I) for a year before 2027, 0 percent;(II) for 2027, 30 percent;(III) for 2028, 60 percent; and(IV) for 2029 and each subsequent year, 80 percent.(B) Special rule for certain low-income individuals.— For purposes of paragraph (1), the applicable percent specified in this paragraph is, with respect to services furnished to an individual who is a subsidy eligible individual (as defined in section 1860D–14(a)(3)), or who would be a subsidy eligible individual if the individual were enrolled in a prescription drug plan or MA–PD plan—(i) with respect to services described in section 1861(nnn)(1), for 2026 and each subsequent year, 100 percent; and(ii) with respect to services not described in clause (i), for 2027 and each subsequent year, 80 percent.(3) Limitations and Secretarial authority.—(A) Frequency.— With respect to dental and oral health services that are—(i) routine dental cleanings, payment may be made under this part for only two such cleanings during a 12-month period; and(ii) routine exams, payment may be made under this part for only two such exams during a 12-month period.(B) Secretarial authority.—(i) Authority to apply additional limitations.— The Secretary may apply such other reasonable limitations on the extent to which dental and oral services are covered under this part, including through application of a prior authorization requirement.(ii) Authority to modify coverage.— Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, if the Secretary determines appropriate, the Secretary may modify the coverage under this part of dental and oral health services to the extent that such modification is consistent with the recommendations of the United States Preventive Services Task Force.(iii) Authority to waive frequency limitations.— Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the Secretary may waive any frequency limitation under such subparagraph for an individual (or category of individuals) if determined appropriate by the Secretary.

    The bill says: Section 1834 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

  8. 42 U.S.C. 1395w-4(j)(3)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(d)

    (2)(KK), (3) Physicians' services. The term "physicians' services" includes items and services described in paragraphs (1), (2)(A), (2)(D), (2)(G), (2)(P) (with respect to services described in subparagraphs (A) and (C) of section 1395x(oo)(2) of…

    The bill says: Section 1848(j)(3) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(j)(3)) is amended by inserting "(2)(KK)," before "(3)".

  9. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(8)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(e)

    (8) prosthetic devices (other than dental)(including dentures) which replace all or part of an internal body organ (including colostomy bags and supplies directly related to colostomy care), including replacement of such devices, and including one pair of conventional eyeglasses or contact lenses furnished subsequent to each cataract surgery with insertion of an intraocular lens;

    The bill says: by striking "(other than dental)" and inserting "(including dentures)"; and

  10. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(8)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(e)

    (8) prosthetic devices (other than dental) which replace all or part of an internal body organ (including colostomy bags and supplies directly related to colostomy care), including replacement of such devices, and including one pair of conventional eyeglasses or contact lenses furnished subsequent to each cataract surgery with insertion of an intraocular lens;

    The bill says: by striking "internal body".

  11. 42 U.S.C. 1395m(a)added (23)by H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(e)

    (23) Payment and limits for dentures.—(A) In general.— The payment amount under this part for dentures shall be, subject to subparagraph (C), the applicable percent (specified in subparagraph (B)) of the amount otherwise payable for such dentures under this section.(B) Applicable percent.— For purposes of subparagraph (A), the applicable percent specified in this subparagraph is—(i) for a year before 2027, 0 percent; and(ii) for 2027 and each subsequent year, 80 percent.(C) Limitations and Secretarial authority.—(i) In general.— Payment may be made under this part for an individual for—(I) not more than one full upper and one full lower denture once every five years; and(II) not more than one partial upper denture and one partial lower denture once every five years.(ii) Secretarial authority.—(I) Authority to apply additional limitations.— The Secretary may apply such other reasonable limitations on the extent to which dentures are covered under this part, including through application of a prior authorization requirement.(II) Authority to modify coverage.— Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, if the Secretary determines appropriate, the Secretary may modify the coverage under this part of dentures to the extent that such modification is consistent with the recommendations of the United States Preventive Services Task Force.(III) Authority to waive frequency limitations.— Notwithstanding clause (i), the Secretary may waive any frequency limitation under such clause for an individual (or category of individuals) if determined appropriate by the Secretary.

    The bill says: Section 1834(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

  12. 42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)removedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 2(f)

    The bill says: Section 1862(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y) is amended by striking paragraph (12).

  13. 42 U.S.C. 1395w-4(j)(3)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 3(d)

    The bill says: Section 1848(j)(3) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(j)(3)) is amended by inserting "(2)(LL)," after "(2)(KK)," (as added by section 2).

  14. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(n)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 3(f)

    (n) Durable medical equipment. The term "durable medical equipment" includes iron lungs, oxygen tents, hospital beds, and wheelchairs (which may include a power-operated vehicle that may be appropriately used as a wheelchair, but only where the use of such a vehicle is determined to be necessary on the basis of the individual's medical and physical condition…

    The bill says: by striking "and" before "eye tracking" and inserting a comma; and

  15. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(n)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 3(f)

    …established by the Secretary in consultation with the appropriate organizations) and eye tracking and gaze interaction accessories for speech generating devices furnished to individuals with a demonstrated medical need for such accessories, and eyeglass lenses, low vision devices (as defined in section 1834(a)(25)), eyeglass frames, and contact lenses ; except that such term does not include such equipment furnished by a supplier who has used, for the demonstration and use of specific equipment, an individual who has not met such minimum training standards as the Secretary may establish…

    The bill says: by inserting ", and eyeglass lenses, low vision devices (as defined in section 1834(a)(25)), eyeglass frames, and contact lenses" before "; except".

  16. 42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)(7)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 3(g)

    The bill says: Section 1862(a)(7) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)(7)) is amended by striking ", eyeglasses (other than eyewear described in section 1861(s)(8)) or eye examinations for the purpose of prescribing, fitting, or changing eyeglasses, procedures performed (during the course of any eye examination) to determine the refractive state of the eyes".

  17. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(ll)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 4(a)

    The bill says: in the subsection heading, by inserting "; Hearing Services" after "Audiology Services"; and

  18. 42 U.S.C. 1395x(ll)added (5)by H.R. 2045 Sec. 4(a)

    (5) The term hearing services means—(A) routine hearing exams and exams for hearing aids; and(B) other necessary services related to hearing health (as defined by the Secretary).

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

  19. 42 U.S.C. 1395w-3(a)(2)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 5(1)

    …E1237, E1238, and K0008 or any successor to such codes) (and related accessories when furnished in connection with such complex rehabilitative power wheelchairs, complex rehabilitative manual wheelchairs, and certain manual wheelchairs), and excludingexcluding drugs and biologicals described in section 1395u(o)(1)(D) of this title. Items and services described in section 1395u(s)(2)(D) of this title, other than parenteral nutrients, equipment, and supplies. Orthotics described in section…

    The bill says: by striking "and excluding" and inserting "excluding"; and

  20. 42 U.S.C. 1395w-3(a)(2)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 5(2)

    The bill says: by inserting ", and excluding dentures, eyeglass lenses, contact lenses, and hearing aids" before the period at the end.

  21. 42 U.S.C. 299b-4(a)(1)changedby H.R. 2045 Sec. 6(a)

    The bill says: The first sentence of section 915(a)(1) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299b–4(a)(1)) is amended by inserting ", including at least 1 oral health professional" before the period at the end.

From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, 2024 edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

Medicare Dental, Vision, and Hearing Benefit Act of 2025

This bill provides for Medicare coverage of dental, vision, and hearing care. Coverage includes (1) routine dental cleanings and exams, basic and major dental services, emergency dental care, and dentures; (2) routine eye exams, eyeglasses, and contact lenses; and (3) routine hearing exams, hearing aids, and exams for hearing aids. With respect to such care, the bill establishes special payment rules, limitations, and coinsurance requirements.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Introduced in House, Mar 11, 2025).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

Sourced
  1. Mar 11, 2025Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Ways and Means.House floor actions
  2. Mar 11, 2025Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Ways and Means.House floor actions
  3. Mar 11, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress
  4. Mar 11, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress

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Cosponsors

  • Alma S. Adams D-NC-12
  • Yassamin Ansari D-AZ-3
  • Becca Balint D-VT-At Large
  • Nanette Diaz Barragán D-CA-44
  • Joyce Beatty D-OH-3
  • Wesley Bell D-MO-1
  • Donald S. Beyer, Jr. D-VA-8
  • Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. D-GA-2
  • Suzanne Bonamici D-OR-1
  • Brendan F. Boyle D-PA-2
  • Shontel M. Brown D-OH-11
  • Salud O. Carbajal D-CA-24
Show 120 more cosponsors
  • André Carson D-IN-7
  • Troy A. Carter D-LA-2
  • Greg Casar D-TX-35
  • Joaquin Castro D-TX-20
  • Rep. Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D-FL-20
  • Judy Chu D-CA-28
  • Emanuel Cleaver D-MO-5
  • Steve Cohen D-TN-9
  • Rep. Gerald E. Connolly D-VA-11
  • Jasmine Crockett D-TX-30
  • Henry Cuellar D-TX-28
  • Danny K. Davis D-IL-7
  • Madeleine Dean D-PA-4
  • Diana DeGette D-CO-1
  • Rosa L. DeLauro D-CT-3
  • Christopher R. Deluzio D-PA-17
  • Mark DeSaulnier D-CA-10
  • Maxine Dexter D-OR-3
  • Debbie Dingell D-MI-6
  • Veronica Escobar D-TX-16
  • Adriano Espaillat D-NY-13
  • Dwight Evans D-PA-3
  • Cleo Fields D-LA-6
  • Valerie P. Foushee D-NC-4
  • Lois Frankel D-FL-22
  • Laura Friedman D-CA-30
  • Maxwell Frost D-FL-10
  • John Garamendi D-CA-8
  • Sylvia R. Garcia D-TX-29
  • Robert Garcia D-CA-42
  • Jesús G. "Chuy" García D-IL-4
  • Daniel S. Goldman D-NY-10
  • Jimmy Gomez D-CA-34
  • Vicente Gonzalez D-TX-34
  • Josh Gottheimer D-NJ-5
  • Al Green D-TX-9
  • Rep. Raúl M. Grijalva D-AZ-7
  • Adelita S. Grijalva D-AZ-7
  • Jahana Hayes D-CT-5
  • Steven Horsford D-NV-4
  • Val T. Hoyle D-OR-4
  • Jared Huffman D-CA-2
  • Jonathan L. Jackson D-IL-1
  • Sara Jacobs D-CA-51
  • Pramila Jayapal D-WA-7
  • Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. D-GA-4
  • Julie Johnson D-TX-32
  • Marcy Kaptur D-OH-9
  • Robin L. Kelly D-IL-2
  • Ro Khanna D-CA-17
  • Raja Krishnamoorthi D-IL-8
  • Greg Landsman D-OH-1
  • Rick Larsen D-WA-2
  • John B. Larson D-CT-1
  • Summer L. Lee D-PA-12
  • Susie Lee D-NV-3
  • Teresa Leger Fernandez D-NM-3
  • Mike Levin D-CA-49
  • Ted Lieu D-CA-36
  • Stephen F. Lynch D-MA-8
  • Sarah McBride D-DE-At Large
  • April McClain Delaney D-MD-6
  • Jennifer L. McClellan D-VA-4
  • Betty McCollum D-MN-4
  • Morgan McGarvey D-KY-3
  • James P. McGovern D-MA-2
  • LaMonica McIver D-NJ-10
  • Gregory W. Meeks D-NY-5
  • Grace Meng D-NY-6
  • Kweisi Mfume D-MD-7
  • Gwen Moore D-WI-4
  • Joseph D. Morelle D-NY-25
  • Jerrold Nadler D-NY-12
  • Donald Norcross D-NJ-1
  • Eleanor Holmes Norton D-DC-At Large
  • Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D-NY-14
  • Ilhan Omar D-MN-5
  • Chellie Pingree D-ME-1
  • Mark Pocan D-WI-2
  • Nellie Pou D-NJ-9
  • Ayanna Pressley D-MA-7
  • Delia C. Ramirez D-IL-3
  • Jamie Raskin D-MD-8
  • Josh Riley D-NY-19
  • Deborah K. Ross D-NC-2
  • Raul Ruiz D-CA-25
  • Andrea Salinas D-OR-6
  • Linda T. Sánchez D-CA-38
  • Mary Gay Scanlon D-PA-5
  • Janice D. Schakowsky D-IL-9
  • Rep. David Scott D-GA-13
  • Terri A. Sewell D-AL-7
  • Brad Sherman D-CA-32
  • Rep. Mikie Sherrill D-NJ-11
  • Lateefah Simon D-CA-12
  • Adam Smith D-WA-9
  • Darren Soto D-FL-9
  • Melanie A. Stansbury D-NM-1
  • Rep. Eric Swalwell D-CA-14
  • Mark Takano D-CA-39
  • Shri Thanedar D-MI-13
  • Bennie G. Thompson D-MS-2
  • Mike Thompson D-CA-4
  • Dina Titus D-NV-1
  • Rashida Tlaib D-MI-12
  • Jill N. Tokuda D-HI-2
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  • Ritchie Torres D-NY-15
  • Lori Trahan D-MA-3
  • Lauren Underwood D-IL-14
  • Juan Vargas D-CA-52
  • Marc A. Veasey D-TX-33
  • Nydia M. Velázquez D-NY-7
  • Eugene Simon Vindman D-VA-7
  • James R. Walkinshaw D-VA-11
  • Debbie Wasserman Schultz D-FL-25
  • Maxine Waters D-CA-43
  • Bonnie Watson Coleman D-NJ-12
  • Nikema Williams D-GA-5
  • Frederica S. Wilson D-FL-24