WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

H.R. 2853 · 119th Congress

Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025

Passed HouseCrime and Law Enforcement
IntroducedApr 10, 2025
Passed HouseMay 12, 2026
Passed SenateNot yet
To PresidentNot yet
Became lawNot yet

Where it stands

Passed House. Latest step, May 13, 2026: Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. The House passed it 348–60. It would change 2 sections of existing law and would add 2 new provisions of its own.

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

H.R. 2853 would change 2 sections of existing law, and would create 2 new provisions of its own. Read from the bill text as sent to the Senate (May 13, 2026).

19 U.S.C. 4341 Definition of intellectual property rights

Public Law 114-125 An earlier law, changed directly

New provisions of the bill's own

  • Sec. 2 Findings
  • Sec. 3 Amendments to title 18, United States Code
What the words would change: every change, in place (2)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what would be struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. 19 U.S.C. 4341added 305Aby H.R. 2853 Sec. 4(a)

    305A. Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center.—(a) Definitions.— In this section:(1) Center.— The term Center means the Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center established pursuant to subsection (b)(1).(2) Organized retail and supply chain crime.— The term organized retail and supply chain crime includes—(A) any crime described in section 659, 2117, 2314, or 2315 of title 18, United States Code that is committed by, in coordination with, or at the instruction of an organization;(B) aiding or abetting the commission of, or conspiring to commit, any act that is in furtherance of a violation of a crime referred to in subparagraph (A); and(C) other crimes related to those described in subparagraphs (A) and (B).(3) Secretary.— The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Homeland Security.(4) Executive Associate Director.— The term "Executive Associate Director" means the Executive Associate Director of Homeland Security Investigations.(b) Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center.—(1) Establishment.— Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025, the Secretary shall direct the Executive Associate Director to establish the Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center.(2) Duties.— The duties of the Center shall include—(A) coordinating Federal law enforcement activities related to organized retail and supply chain crime, including investigations of national and transnational criminal organizations that are engaged in organized retail and supply chain crime;(B) establishing relationships with State and local law enforcement agencies and organizations, including organized retail crime associations and cargo theft associations, and sharing information regarding organized retail and supply chain crime threats with such agencies and organizations;(C) assisting State and local law enforcement agencies with State and local investigations of organized retail and supply chain crime groups;(D) establishing relationships with retail, transportation, and other companies determined by the Executive Associate Director to have significant interests relating to organized retail and supply chain crime threats, sharing information with those companies regarding such threats, collaborating on investigations and loss prevention activities as appropriate, and providing a mechanism for the receipt of investigative information on such threats;(E) establishing a secure system for sharing information regarding organized retail and supply chain crime threats by leveraging existing information systems at the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Justice;(F) tracking trends with respect to organized retail and supply chain crime and releasing annual public reports on such trends; and(G) supporting the provision of training and technical assistance in accordance with subsection (c).(3) Leadership; staffing.—(A) Director.— The Center shall be headed by a Director, who shall be—(i) an experienced law enforcement officer;(ii) appointed by the Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and(iii) in a Senior Executive Service position as defined in section 3132 of title 5, United States Code.(B) Deputy Director.— The Director of the Center shall be assisted by a Deputy Director, who shall be appointed, on a 2-year rotational basis, upon request from the Executive Associate Director, by—(i) the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;(ii) the Director of the United States Secret Service; or(iii) the Chief Postal Inspector.(C) Federal staff.— The staff of the Center shall include—(i) special agents and analysts from Homeland Security Investigations; and(ii) detailed criminal investigators, analysts, and liaisons from other Federal agencies who have responsibilities related to organized retail and supply chain crime, including detailees from—(I) U.S. Customs and Border Protection;(II) the United States Secret Service;(III) the United States Postal Inspection Service;(IV) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives;(V) the Drug Enforcement Administration;(VI) the Federal Bureau of Investigation; and(VII) the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.(D) State and local staff.— The staff of the Center may include detailees from State and local law enforcement agencies, who shall serve at the Center on a nonreimbursable basis.(4) Coordination.—(A) In general.— The Center shall coordinate its activities, as appropriate, with other Federal agencies and centers responsible for countering transnational organized crime threats.(B) Shared resources.— In establishing the Center, the Executive Associate Director may co-locate or otherwise share resources and personnel, including detailees and agency liaisons, with—(i) the National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center established pursuant to section 305(a)(1); or(ii) other existing interagency centers within the Department of Homeland Security.(C) Agreements.— The Director of the Center, or his or her designee, may enter into agreements with Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies and private sector entities to facilitate carrying out the duties described in paragraph (2).(D) Information sharing.—(i) In general.— Subject to the approval of the Director of the Center, information that would otherwise be subject to the limitation on the disclosure of confidential information set forth in section 1905 of title 18, United States Code, may be shared if such disclosure is operationally necessary.(ii) Non-delegable authority.— The Director may not delegate his or her authority under this subparagraph.(5) Reporting requirements.—(A) Initial report.—(i) In general.— Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025, the Secretary shall submit a report regarding the establishment of the Center to—(I) the Committ

    The bill says: Title III of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 (19 U.S.C. 4341 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 305 the following:

  2. Public Law 114-125addedby H.R. 2853 Sec. 4(b)

    The bill says: The table of contents for the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 (Public Law 114–125; 130 Stat. 122) is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 305 the following:

From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, 2024 edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025

This bill expands federal enforcement of criminal offenses related to organized retail and supply chain crime. The term organized retail and supply chain crime includes criminal offenses involving the interstate transportation of stolen property, the sale or receipt of stolen goods, or theft from an interstate or foreign shipment that is committed by, in coordination with, or at the instruction of an organization.

First, with respect to criminal offenses involving the interstate transportation of stolen property or the sale or receipt of stolen goods, the bill broadens the scope of conduct that qualifies as offenses by allowing prosecutions to be based on the aggregate value of stolen items over a 12-month period. Additionally, the bill makes the offenses predicate offenses (i.e., underlying offenses) for prosecutions under the federal money laundering statute and authorizes the criminal forfeiture of any property obtained from the proceeds of an offense.

Second, with respect to criminal offenses involving theft from an interstate or foreign shipment, the bill also makes an offense an underlying offense for prosecution under the federal money laundering statute and authorizes the criminal forfeiture of any associated property.

Third, the bill expands the federal money laundering statute to include offenses involving general-use prepaid cards, gift certificates, or store gift cards.

Finally, the bill temporarily establishes a center within the Department of Homeland Security to coordinate federal law enforcement activities related to organized retail and supply chain crime.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Reported to House, Jan 30, 2026).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

Sourced
  1. May 12, 2026Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 348 - 60 (Roll no. 157). (text: CR H3364-3366) Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  2. Jan 30, 2026Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-471.Library of Congress
  3. Apr 10, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress

Show all 17 recorded actions

Recorded votes

Sourced
  1. May 12, 2026 · HousePassed 348–60
    On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass, as Amended · needed two-thirds
    R 203 yes, 1 noI 1 yes, 0 noD 144 yes, 59 noEach member · Record

Cosponsors

  • Rick W. Allen R-GA-12
  • Mark E. Amodei R-NV-2
  • Don Bacon R-NE-2
  • Nanette Diaz Barragán D-CA-44
  • Tom Barrett R-MI-7
  • Michael Baumgartner R-WA-5
  • Aaron Bean R-FL-4
  • Nicholas J. Begich III R-AK-At Large
  • Ami Bera D-CA-6
  • Stephanie I. Bice R-OK-5
  • Sheri Biggs R-SC-3
  • Mike Bost R-IL-12
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  • Brendan F. Boyle D-PA-2
  • Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. R-PA-8
  • Julia Brownley D-CA-26
  • Vern Buchanan R-FL-16
  • Tim Burchett R-TN-2
  • Janelle S. Bynum D-OR-5
  • Ken Calvert R-CA-41
  • Salud O. Carbajal D-CA-24
  • Mike Carey R-OH-15
  • John R. Carter R-TX-31
  • Earl L. "Buddy" Carter R-GA-1
  • Ed Case D-HI-1
  • Rep. Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D-FL-20
  • Juan Ciscomani R-AZ-6
  • Ben Cline R-VA-6
  • Steve Cohen D-TN-9
  • Mike Collins R-GA-10
  • Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. D-NJ-3
  • J. Luis Correa D-CA-46
  • Jim Costa D-CA-21
  • Angie Craig D-MN-2
  • Eric A. "Rick" Crawford R-AR-1
  • Jasmine Crockett D-TX-30
  • Henry Cuellar D-TX-28
  • Sharice Davids D-KS-3
  • Donald G. Davis D-NC-1
  • Suzan K. DelBene D-WA-1
  • Christopher R. Deluzio D-PA-17
  • Scott DesJarlais R-TN-4
  • Byron Donalds R-FL-19
  • Chuck Edwards R-NC-11
  • Sarah Elfreth D-MD-3
  • Jake Ellzey R-TX-6
  • Veronica Escobar D-TX-16
  • Gabe Evans R-CO-8
  • Mike Ezell R-MS-4
  • Randy Feenstra R-IA-4
  • Shomari Figures D-AL-2
  • Brad Finstad R-MN-1
  • Scott Fitzgerald R-WI-5
  • Brian K. Fitzpatrick R-PA-1
  • Mike Flood R-NE-1
  • Vince Fong R-CA-20
  • Valerie P. Foushee D-NC-4
  • Lois Frankel D-FL-22
  • Scott Franklin R-FL-18
  • Andrew R. Garbarino R-NY-2
  • Sylvia R. Garcia D-TX-29
  • Robert Garcia D-CA-42
  • Brandon Gill R-TX-26
  • Laura Gillen D-NY-4
  • Marie Gluesenkamp Perez D-WA-3
  • Daniel S. Goldman D-NY-10
  • Rep. Tony Gonzales R-TX-23
  • Vicente Gonzalez D-TX-34
  • Lance Gooden R-TX-5
  • Josh Gottheimer D-NJ-5
  • Sam Graves R-MO-6
  • Glenn Grothman R-WI-6
  • Michael Guest R-MS-3
  • Josh Harder D-CA-9
  • Mike Haridopolos R-FL-8
  • Pat Harrigan R-NC-10
  • Diana Harshbarger R-TN-1
  • Pablo José Hernández D-PR-At Large
  • Clay Higgins R-LA-3
  • J. French Hill R-AR-2
  • Ashley Hinson R-IA-2
  • Steven Horsford D-NV-4
  • Erin Houchin R-IN-9
  • Chrissy Houlahan D-PA-6
  • Wesley Hunt R-TX-38
  • Jeff Hurd R-CO-3
  • Darrell Issa R-CA-48
  • Glenn Ivey D-MD-4
  • Brian Jack R-GA-3
  • Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. D-GA-4
  • Dusty Johnson R-SD-At Large
  • John Joyce R-PA-13
  • Thomas H. Kean, Jr. R-NJ-7
  • Trent Kelly R-MS-1
  • Ro Khanna D-CA-17
  • Jennifer A. Kiggans R-VA-2
  • Kevin Kiley I-CA-3
  • Young Kim R-CA-40
  • Brad Knott R-NC-13
  • Nick LaLota R-NY-1
  • Nicholas A. Langworthy R-NY-23
  • George Latimer D-NY-16
  • Michael Lawler R-NY-17
  • Laurel M. Lee R-FL-15
  • Susie Lee D-NV-3
  • Mike Levin D-CA-49
  • Barry Loudermilk R-GA-11
  • Anna Paulina Luna R-FL-13
  • Stephen F. Lynch D-MA-8
  • Nancy Mace R-SC-1
  • Ryan Mackenzie R-PA-7
  • Seth Magaziner D-RI-2
  • Nicole Malliotakis R-NY-11
  • Tracey Mann R-KS-1
  • John W. Mannion D-NY-22
  • Lucy McBath D-GA-6
  • Sarah McBride D-DE-At Large
  • Richard McCormick R-GA-7
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  • Nathaniel Moran R-TX-1
  • Joseph D. Morelle D-NY-25
  • Kelly Morrison D-MN-3
  • Jared Moskowitz D-FL-23
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  • Joe Neguse D-CO-2
  • Troy E. Nehls R-TX-22
  • Dan Newhouse R-WA-4
  • Zachary Nunn R-IA-3
  • Jay Obernolte R-CA-23
  • Andrew Ogles R-TN-5
  • Robert F. Onder, Jr. R-MO-3
  • Burgess Owens R-UT-4
  • Jimmy Panetta D-CA-19
  • Chris Pappas D-NH-1
  • Scott H. Peters D-CA-50
  • Brittany Pettersen D-CO-7
  • August Pfluger R-TX-11
  • Nellie Pou D-NJ-9
  • Mike Quigley D-IL-5
  • Josh Riley D-NY-19
  • Mike Rogers R-AL-3
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  • David Rouzer R-NC-7
  • Michael A. Rulli R-OH-6
  • John H. Rutherford R-FL-5
  • Maria Elvira Salazar R-FL-27
  • Andrea Salinas D-OR-6
  • Derek Schmidt R-KS-2
  • Bradley Scott Schneider D-IL-10
  • Hillary J. Scholten D-MI-3
  • Kim Schrier D-WA-8
  • Rep. David Scott D-GA-13
  • Austin Scott R-GA-8
  • Pete Sessions R-TX-17
  • Terri A. Sewell D-AL-7
  • Jefferson Shreve R-IN-6
  • Michael K. Simpson R-ID-2
  • Adam Smith D-WA-9
  • Christopher H. Smith R-NJ-4
  • Eric Sorensen D-IL-17
  • Darren Soto D-FL-9
  • Greg Stanton D-AZ-4
  • Pete Stauber R-MN-8
  • Bryan Steil R-WI-1
  • Marilyn Strickland D-WA-10
  • Dale W. Strong R-AL-5
  • David J. Taylor R-OH-2
  • Claudia Tenney R-NY-24
  • Mike Thompson D-CA-4
  • Thomas P. Tiffany R-WI-7
  • William R. Timmons IV R-SC-4
  • Dina Titus D-NV-1
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  • Norma J. Torres D-CA-35
  • Lori Trahan D-MA-3
  • Derek Tran D-CA-45
  • Michael R. Turner R-OH-10
  • David G. Valadao R-CA-22
  • Jefferson Van Drew R-NJ-2
  • Beth Van Duyne R-TX-24
  • Gabe Vasquez D-NM-2
  • Eugene Simon Vindman D-VA-7
  • Ann Wagner R-MO-2
  • Debbie Wasserman Schultz D-FL-25
  • Randy K. Weber, Sr. R-TX-14
  • Daniel Webster R-FL-11
  • Bruce Westerman R-AR-4
  • Tony Wied R-WI-8
  • Roger Williams R-TX-25
  • Joe Wilson R-SC-2
  • Frederica S. Wilson D-FL-24
  • Robert J. Wittman R-VA-1
  • Steve Womack R-AR-3
  • Rudy Yakym III R-IN-2
  • Ryan K. Zinke R-MT-1