WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

H.R. 3492 · 119th Congress

Protect Children’s Innocence Act

Passed HouseCrime and Law Enforcement
IntroducedMay 19, 2025
Passed HouseDec 17, 2025
Passed SenateNot yet
To PresidentNot yet
Became lawNot yet

Where it stands

Passed House. Latest step, Dec 18, 2025: Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. The House passed it 216–211. From Iowa: Ashley Hinson cosponsors it. All 4 of Iowa's representatives voted yes in the House. It would change 1 section of existing law.

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

H.R. 3492 would change 1 section of existing law. Read from the bill text as sent to the Senate (Dec 18, 2025).

18 U.S.C. 116 Female genital mutilation

What the words would change: every change, in place (1)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what would be struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. 18 U.S.C. 116rewrittenby H.R. 3492 Sec. 2(a)

    116 Genital and bodily mutilation of a minor; chemical castration of a minor.—(a) Genital or bodily mutilation.— Except as provided in subsection (g), whoever, in any circumstance described in subsection (d), knowingly performs, or attempts to perform, genital or bodily mutilation on another person who is a minor, shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.(b) Chemical castration of a minor.— Except as provided in subsection (g), whoever, in any circumstance described in subsection (d), knowingly chemically castrates a minor shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.(c) Certain offense related to female genital mutilation.— Except as provided in subsection (g), whoever, in any circumstance described in subsection (d), knowingly—shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.(1) facilitates or consents to female genital mutilation of a minor; or(2) transports a minor for the purpose of the performance of female genital mutilation on such minor,(d) Circumstances described.— For the purposes of subsections (a) and (b), the circumstances described in this subsection are that—(1) the defendant or victim traveled in interstate or foreign commerce, or traveled using a means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce, in furtherance of or in connection with the conduct described in subsection (a) or (b);(2) the defendant used a means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce in furtherance of or in connection with the conduct described in subsection (a) or (b);(3) any payment of any kind was made, directly or indirectly, in furtherance of or in connection with the conduct described in subsection (a) or (b) using any means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce or in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce;(4) the defendant transmitted in interstate or foreign commerce any communication relating to or in furtherance of the conduct described in subsection (a) or (b) using any means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce or in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce by any means or in manner, including by computer, mail, wire, or electromagnetic transmission;(5) any instrument, item, substance, or other object that has traveled in interstate or foreign commerce was used to perform the conduct described in subsection (a) or (b);(6) the conduct described in subsection (a) or (b) occurred within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or any territory or possession of the United States; or(7) the conduct described in subsection (a) or (b) otherwise occurred in or affected interstate or foreign commerce.(e) Prohibition on certain defense.— It shall not be a defense to a prosecution under subsection (a) that female genital mutilation is required as a matter of religion, custom, tradition, ritual, or standard practice.(f) Prohibition on prosecution of victim.— No person who is chemically castrated or on whom genital or bodily mutilation is performed may be arrested or prosecuted for an offense under this section.(g) Exceptions.—(1) Procedures.—(A) In general.— Genital or bodily mutilation or chemical castration is not a violation of this section if such genital or bodily mutilation or chemical castration is—(i) necessary to the health of the minor on whom it is conducted, and is conducted by a person licensed in the place of such conduct as a medical practitioner; or(ii) in the case of female genital mutilation, performed on a minor in labor or who has just given birth and is performed for medical purposes connected with that labor or birth by a person licensed in the place it is performed as a medical practitioner, midwife, or person in training to become such a practitioner or midwife.(B) Health of a minor.— For the purposes of subparagraph (A), the health of a minor does not include—(i) mental, behavioral, or emotional distress; or(ii) a mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder.(2) Exemption.— Genital or bodily mutilation or chemical castration is not a violation of this section if such genital or bodily mutilation or chemical castration is conducted with respect to any of the following individuals:(A) An individual with both ovarian and testicular tissue.(B) An individual with respect to whom a physician has determined through genetic or biochemical testing that the individual does not have normal sex chromosome structure, sex steroid hormone production, or sex steroid hormone action.(C) An individual experiencing infection, disease, injury, or disorder caused or exacerbated by a previous genital or bodily mutilation procedure or chemical castration.(D) An individual suffering from a physical disorder, physical injury, or physical illness that would, as certified by a physician, place the individual in imminent danger of impairment of a major bodily function unless the procedure is performed.(E) An individual diagnosed with precocious puberty, to the extent such genital or bodily mutilation or chemical castration is for the purpose of normalizing puberty.(h) Definitions.— In this section:(1) Genital or bodily mutilation.— The term genital or bodily mutilation means, with respect to an individual, any of the following:(A) Female genital mutilation.(B) Any surgery performed for the purpose of changing the body of such individual to correspond to a sex that differs from their biological sex, including—(i) castration;(ii) orchiectomy;(iii) scrotoplasty;(iv) vasectomy;(v) hysterectomy;(vi) oophorectomy;(vii) ovariectomy;(viii) metoidioplasty;(ix) penectomy;(x) phalloplasty;(xi) vaginoplasty;(xii) vaginectomy;(xiii) vulvoplasty;(xiv) reduction thyrochondroplasty;(xv) chondrolaryngoplasty; and(xvi) mastectomy.(C) Any plastic surgery that feminizes or masculinizes the facial or other physiological

    The bill says: Section 116 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, 2024 edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

Protect Children’s Innocence Act of 2025

This bill establishes federal criminal offenses for providing gender-affirming care to minors. The bill also changes the existing federal criminal offense that prohibits female genital mutilation (FGM) and related conduct.

Specifically, the bill makes it a federal crime to knowingly perform or attempt to perform procedures or provide medications (e.g., hormonal treatments) to a minor for the purpose of changing their body to correspond to a sex that differs from their biological sex. The bill provides exceptions for specified types of surgeries or procedures, including those for treating (1) individuals who have both ovarian and testicular tissue or abnormal sex chromosome structure or hormones, or (2) infections or other harms that result from a previous gender-transition procedure. A violation is punishable by a fine, a prison term of up to 10 years, or both. The bill prohibits the arrest or prosecution of an individual who undergoes gender-affirming procedures or medications.

Additionally, the bill makes changes to the existing federal criminal prohibition on performing FGM on a minor and related conduct. Among the changes, the bill broadens the scope of prohibited conduct to include the facilitation or consent to FGM by any person (currently, prohibited facilitation or consent applies only to a parent, guardian, or caretaker of the minor). The bill also prohibits the arrest or prosecution of an individual who undergoes FGM. The bill does not change the applicable criminal penalty of a fine, a prison term of up to 10 years, or both.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Introduced in House, May 19, 2025).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

Sourced
  1. Dec 18, 2025Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.Senate
  2. Dec 17, 2025Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.House floor actions
  3. Dec 17, 2025On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 216 - 211 (Roll no. 351). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H5992-5993) Roll call recordHouse floor actions
  4. Dec 17, 2025Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 216 - 211 (Roll no. 351). Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  5. Dec 17, 2025On motion to recommit Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 210 - 218 (Roll no. 350). Roll call recordHouse floor actions
  6. Dec 17, 2025Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H6008-6009)House floor actions
  7. Dec 17, 2025POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on H.R. 3492, the Chair put the question on motion to recommit and by voice vote announced the noes had prevailed. Ms. Balint demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.House floor actions
  8. Dec 17, 2025The previous question on the motion to recommit was ordered pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule XIX.House floor actions
  9. Dec 17, 2025Ms. Balint moved to recommit to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text: CR H5999-6000)House floor actions
  10. Dec 17, 2025The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.House floor actions
  11. Dec 17, 2025DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 3492.House floor actions
  12. Dec 17, 2025Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 6703, H.R. 498 and H.R. 3492. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 6703 and H.R. 498 under a closed rule and H.R. 3492 under a structured rule with one hour of general debate and one motion to recommit on each bill.House floor actions
  13. Dec 17, 2025Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 953. (consideration: CR H5992-6000)House floor actions
  14. Dec 17, 2025Rule H. Res. 953 passed House.House floor actions
  15. Dec 17, 2025Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 953 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 6703, H.R. 498 and H.R. 3492. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 6703 and H.R. 498 under a closed rule and H.R. 3492 under a structured rule with one hour of general debate and one motion to recommit on each bill.House floor actions
  16. Sep 26, 2025Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 265.House floor actions
  17. Sep 26, 2025Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-311.House floor actions
  18. Sep 26, 2025Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-311.Library of Congress
  19. Jun 10, 2025Ordered to be Reported in the Nature of a Substitute (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 17 - 10.House committee actions
  20. Jun 10, 2025Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session HeldHouse committee actions
  21. May 19, 2025Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.House floor actions
  22. May 19, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress
  23. May 19, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress

Show key steps only

Recorded votes

Sourced
  1. Dec 17, 2025 · HousePassed 216–211
    On Passage · needed a majority
    R 213 yes, 4 noD 3 yes, 207 noEach member · Record
1 other recorded vote (procedure and amendments)
  1. Dec 17, 2025 · HouseFailed 210–218
    On Motion to Recommit · needed a majority
    R 0 yes, 218 noD 210 yes, 0 noEach member · Record

Cosponsors

From Iowa

Everyone else (43)

  • Brian Babin R-TX-36
  • James R. Baird R-IN-4
  • Stephanie I. Bice R-OK-5
  • Andy Biggs R-AZ-5
  • Josh Brecheen R-OK-2
  • Eric Burlison R-MO-7
  • Earl L. "Buddy" Carter R-GA-1
  • Andrew S. Clyde R-GA-9
  • Mike Collins R-GA-10
  • James Comer R-KY-1
  • Elijah Crane R-AZ-2
  • Dan Crenshaw R-TX-2
Show 31 more cosponsors
  • Monica De La Cruz R-TX-15
  • Brad Finstad R-MN-1
  • Brandon Gill R-TX-26
  • Lance Gooden R-TX-5
  • Paul A. Gosar R-AZ-9
  • Glenn Grothman R-WI-6
  • Michael Guest R-MS-3
  • Harriet M. Hageman R-WY-At Large
  • Andy Harris R-MD-1
  • Diana Harshbarger R-TN-1
  • Kevin Hern R-OK-1
  • Clay Higgins R-LA-3
  • Ronny Jackson R-TX-13
  • David Kustoff R-TN-8
  • Anna Paulina Luna R-FL-13
  • Addison P. McDowell R-NC-6
  • John J. McGuire III R-VA-5
  • Mary E. Miller R-IL-15
  • Max L. Miller R-OH-7
  • Barry Moore R-AL-1
  • Riley M. Moore R-WV-2
  • Troy E. Nehls R-TX-22
  • Ralph Norman R-SC-5
  • Andrew Ogles R-TN-5
  • Burgess Owens R-UT-4
  • Gary J. Palmer R-AL-6
  • Michael A. Rulli R-OH-6
  • W. Gregory Steube R-FL-17
  • Claudia Tenney R-NY-24
  • William R. Timmons IV R-SC-4
  • Randy K. Weber, Sr. R-TX-14