WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

H.R. 4090 · 119th Congress

Critical Mineral Dominance Act

Passed HouseEnergy
IntroducedJun 23, 2025
Passed HouseFeb 4, 2026
Passed SenateNot yet
To PresidentNot yet
Became lawNot yet

Where it stands

Passed House. Latest step, Jul 15, 2026: Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands, Forests, and Mining. Hearings held. The House passed it 224–195. All 4 of Iowa's representatives voted yes in the House. It would change 0 sections of existing law and would add 7 new provisions of its own.

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

H.R. 4090 doesn't change any existing section of law. It would create 7 new provisions of its own. Read from the bill text as sent to the Senate (Feb 5, 2026).

New provisions of the bill's own

  • Sec. 2 Policy
  • Sec. 3 Analyzing economic impacts of mineral net import reliance
  • Sec. 4 Priority projects
  • Sec. 5 Mining potential on Federal land
  • Sec. 6 Regulatory review
  • Sec. 7 Map baby map
  • Sec. 8 Definitions
What the words would change: every change, in place (0)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what would be struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

    From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, latest edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

    What it does

    Sourced

    Critical Mineral Dominance Act

    This bill directs the Department of the Interior to address mineral supply chain vulnerabilities, including by accelerating and expanding mineral production on federal land (i.e., National Forest System land, public lands, and any land that may be leased for the exploration, development, or production of hardrock minerals).

    Interior must (1) identify priority mining projects on federal lands that can be immediately approved, and (2) take all necessary and appropriate steps to expedite those projects.

    Interior must also identify active, inactive, or proposed mining projects on federal land that have the potential to (1) increase production of hardrock minerals or their byproducts, (2) expand existing operations to include such byproducts, or (3) produce hardrock minerals from mine tailings or coal byproducts.

    Further, Interior must identify certain federal land with potential for hardrock mining. Interior must prioritize identifying land where a mining project (1) can most quickly be fully permitted and operational, and (2) would have the greatest potential effect on the robustness of the domestic mineral supply chain.

    Interior must (1) suspend, revise, or rescind agency actions that place undue burdens on mining projects; (2) recommend changes to current law necessary to expand U.S. production of hardrock minerals; and (3) review state and local laws that impede development of domestic mining and mineral exploration projects.

    Interior must also report on the dollar value and overall economic impact of the United States' reliance on imports of certain mineral commodities.

    Finally, Interior must prioritize efforts to accelerate geologic mapping.

    Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Reported to House, Nov 25, 2025).

    Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

    What has happened

    Sourced
    1. Jul 15, 2026Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands, Forests, and Mining. Hearings held.Senate
    2. Feb 5, 2026Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.Senate
    3. Feb 4, 2026Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.House floor actions
    4. Feb 4, 2026On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 224 - 195 (Roll no. 55). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H1994) Roll call recordHouse floor actions
    5. Feb 4, 2026Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 224 - 195 (Roll no. 55). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H1994) Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
    6. Feb 4, 2026On motion to recommit Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 209 - 212 (Roll no. 54). Roll call recordHouse floor actions
    7. Feb 4, 2026Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H2009-2010)House floor actions
    8. Feb 4, 2026POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on H.R. 4090, the Chair put the question on motion to recommit and by voice vote, announced the noes had prevailed. Ms. Leger Fernandez demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.House floor actions
    9. Feb 4, 2026The previous question on the motion to recommit was ordered pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule XIX.House floor actions
    10. Feb 4, 2026Ms. Leger Fernandez moved to recommit to the Committee on Natural Resources. (text: CR H2002)House floor actions
    11. Feb 4, 2026The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.House floor actions
    12. Feb 4, 2026DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 4090.House floor actions
    13. Feb 4, 2026Rule provides for consideration of H.J. Res. 142 and H.R. 4090. The resolution provides for consideration of the Senate amendments to H.R. 7148. Also, the resolution provides for consideration of H.J. Res. 142 and H.R. 4090 under a closed rule and provides for one motion to recommit H.R. 4090.House floor actions
    14. Feb 4, 2026Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 1032. (consideration: CR H1993-2002)House floor actions
    15. Feb 3, 2026Rule H. Res. 1032 passed House.House floor actions
    16. Feb 3, 2026Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 1032 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.J. Res. 142 and H.R. 4090. The resolution provides for consideration of the Senate amendments to H.R. 7148. Also, the resolution provides for consideration of H.J. Res. 142 and H.R. 4090 under a closed rule and provides for one motion to recommit H.R. 4090.House floor actions
    17. Nov 25, 2025Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 337.House floor actions
    18. Nov 25, 2025Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Natural Resources. H. Rept. 119-387.House floor actions
    19. Nov 25, 2025Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Natural Resources. H. Rept. 119-387.Library of Congress
    20. Sep 17, 2025Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 26 - 16.House committee actions
    21. Sep 17, 2025Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session HeldHouse committee actions
    22. Sep 17, 2025Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources DischargedHouse committee actions
    23. Sep 3, 2025Subcommittee Hearings HeldHouse committee actions
    24. Jul 2, 2025Referred to the Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources.House committee actions
    25. Jun 23, 2025Referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources.House floor actions
    26. Jun 23, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress
    27. Jun 23, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress

    Show key steps only

    Recorded votes

    Sourced
    1. Feb 4, 2026 · HousePassed 224–195
      Iowa: Randy Feenstra yes, Ashley Hinson yes, Mariannette Miller-Meeks yes, Zachary Nunn yes
      On Passage · needed a majority
      R 214 yes, 1 noD 10 yes, 194 noEach member · Record
    1 other recorded vote (procedure and amendments)
    1. Feb 4, 2026 · HouseFailed 209–212
      Iowa: Randy Feenstra no, Ashley Hinson no, Mariannette Miller-Meeks no, Zachary Nunn no
      On Motion to Recommit · needed a majority
      R 0 yes, 212 noD 209 yes, 0 noEach member · Record

    Cosponsors

    • Nicholas J. Begich III R-AK-At Large
    • Brad Finstad R-MN-1