WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

H.R. 5334 · 119th Congress · Public Law 119-111

Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026

Became lawInternational Affairs
IntroducedSep 11, 2025
Passed HouseApr 27, 2026
Passed SenateAug 7, 2026
To PresidentSep 17, 2026
Became lawSep 18, 2026

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

H.R. 5334 changed 2 sections of existing law, and created 18 new provisions of its own. Read from the bill text in its final form, as sent to the President.

Public Law 104-172 An earlier law, changed directly

26 U.S.C. 62 Adjusted gross income defined

  • (d) Definition; special rules rewritten · Sec. 1(a) · see the words

New provisions of the bill's own

  • Sec. 101 Definitions
  • Sec. 102 Imposition of sanctions on certain persons affiliated with or supporting the Government of the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 103 Imposition of sanctions with respect to financial institutions affiliated with the Government of the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 104 Imposition of sanctions with respect to other entities owned or controlled by the Government of the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 105 Prohibition on transfers of funds involving the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 106 Prohibition on listing or trading of Russian entities on United States securities exchanges
  • Sec. 107 Prohibition on investment by United States persons in the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 108 Prohibition on energy exports to, and investment in energy sector of, the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 109 Prohibition on purchase of sovereign debt of the Russian Federation by United States persons
  • Sec. 110 Prohibition on provision of services to sanctioned financial institutions by international financial messaging systems
  • Sec. 111 Prohibition on importing, and sanctions with respect to, uranium from the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 112 Increase in duties on goods imported from the Russian Federation
  • Sec. 113 Duties on countries that purchase Russian-origin crude oil or natural gas or facilitate sanctions evasion
  • Sec. 114 Exceptions
  • Sec. 115 Waiver
  • Sec. 116 Sanctions implementation and penalties
  • Sec. 117 Termination
  • Sec. 203 Sunset
What the words changed: every change, in place (3)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what was struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. Public Law 104-172(b)changedby H.R. 5334 Sec. 201

    The bill says: Section 13(b) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by striking "2026" and inserting "2031".

    Bill text

  2. 26 U.S.C. 62(d)(1)(A)changedby H.R. 5334 Sec. 1(a)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (A), by striking "a kindergarten through grade 12 teacher" and inserting "an early childhood or kindergarten through grade 12 teacher", and

    Bill text · Current law (26 U.S.C. 62)

  3. 26 U.S.C. 62(d)(1)(B)rewrittenby H.R. 5334 Sec. 1(a)

    (B) School.— The term school means—(i) in the case of early childhood education, any school or childcare facility which—(I) provides educational or childcare services for more than 2 individuals (other than individuals who reside at the school or facility) who have not attained age 6, and(II) operates at the public expense or receives a fee, payment, or grant for providing such services for any of the individuals (regardless of whether such school or facility is operated for profit), and(ii) in the case of elementary education or secondary education (kindergarten through grade 12), any school which provides such education, as determined under State law.

    The bill says: in subparagraph (B), to read as follows:

    Bill text · Current law (26 U.S.C. 62)

From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, 2024 edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026

This bill imposes a variety of sanctions, tariffs, and prohibitions related to Russia, extends an Iran-related sanctions law, and expands a tax deduction for teacher expenses to include early childhood educators.

For example, under the bill, the President must impose visa- and property-blocking sanctions on specified persons (individuals and entities) such as the Russian president and certain Russian military commanders. The President must also increase the rate of duty up to 100% ad valorem (i.e., relative to the value) on all goods imported into the United States from a country that was among the five largest importers of Russian-origin crude oil or natural gas if such country knowingly makes new purchases of such products after enactment of the bill.

The bill prohibits (1) the export, reexport, or in-country transfer to or in Russia of any U.S.-produced energy or energy product; (2) U.S. persons from making new investments in Russia or purchasing Russian sovereign debt; and (3) trading the securities of Russian government-owned, -controlled, or -affiliated entities on U.S. national securities exchanges.

The bill extends through 2031 the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, which requires the President, with some exceptions, to impose sanctions on certain persons engaged in specified transactions related to Iran's energy sector or Iran's efforts to acquire or develop certain weapons.

The bill expands eligibility for federal tax deductions of certain educator expenses to early childhood educators providing educational or childcare services to those under age 6.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Passed Senate, Aug 7, 2026).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

Sourced
  1. 2026-09-18Became Public Law No: 119-111.Library of Congress
  2. 2026-09-18Signed by President.Library of Congress
  3. 2026-09-17Presented to President.Library of Congress
  4. 2026-08-07Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment and an amendment to the Title by Yea-Nay Vote. 86 - 11. Record Vote Number: 224. Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  5. 2026-04-27Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H3111-3112)Library of Congress
  6. 2026-04-09Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Ways and Means. H. Rept. 119-600.Library of Congress
  7. 2025-09-11Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress

Show all 41 recorded actions

After it became law

Sourced

Since it became law on Sep 18, 2026, the Federal Register, the government's daily record of rules and notices, has published 1 document that name it: 1 presidential document. It names it in the title, the summary or the legal authority.

Named in the title, summary or legal authority

  1. Executive OrderOct 21, 2026Executive Office of the President
    Implementing the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026
    By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026 (22 U.S.C. 10802 et seq.) (Graham Act), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby determine and order:
    Names the law in its title

Found by searching the Federal Register for Public Law 119-111 and the law's names, then reading each document: every one listed contains them, and the quote is its own words. An agency can carry out a law without naming it, so this list can miss some. Checked Oct 27, 2026. Every new law's rules

Recorded votes

Sourced

Jul 28, 2026 · Senate roll call 212 · needed 3/5

On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed: Cloture on the Motion to Proceed Agreed to 86–12

R 50 yes, 1 no, 2 present or not votingI 1 yes, 1 noD 35 yes, 10 no

How each member voted · Official record

Jul 29, 2026 · Senate roll call 213 · needed 1/2

On the Motion to Proceed: Motion to Proceed Agreed to 84–12

R 50 yes, 1 no, 2 present or not votingI 1 yes, 1 noD 33 yes, 10 no, 2 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Aug 7, 2026 · Senate roll call 223 · needed 1/2

On the Amendment: Amendment Rejected 32–64

R 2 yes, 48 no, 3 present or not votingI 1 yes, 1 noD 29 yes, 15 no, 1 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Aug 7, 2026 · Senate roll call 224 · needed 3/5

On Passage of the Bill: Bill Passed 86–11

R 49 yes, 1 no, 3 present or not votingI 1 yes, 1 noD 36 yes, 9 no

How each member voted · Official record

Sep 16, 2026 · House roll call 308 · needed 1/2

On Motion to Concur in the Senate Amendments: Passed 262–159

R 203 yes, 7 no, 8 present or not votingI 1 yes, 0 noD 58 yes, 152 no, 4 present or not voting

How each member voted · Official record

Cosponsors

  • Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. R-PA-8
  • Janelle S. Bynum D-OR-5
  • Troy A. Carter D-LA-2
  • Angie Craig D-MN-2
  • Danny K. Davis D-IL-7
  • Brian K. Fitzpatrick R-PA-1
  • Laura Friedman D-CA-30
  • Maggie Goodlander D-NH-2
  • Josh Gottheimer D-NJ-5
  • Thomas H. Kean, Jr. R-NJ-7
  • Michael Lawler R-NY-17
  • Kevin Mullin D-CA-15
  • Joe Neguse D-CO-2
  • Johnny Olszewski, Jr. D-MD-2
  • Chris Pappas D-NH-1
  • Chellie Pingree D-ME-1
  • Eric Sorensen D-IL-17
  • Suhas Subramanyam D-VA-10
  • Thomas R. Suozzi D-NY-3
  • Shri Thanedar D-MI-13
  • Rashida Tlaib D-MI-12
  • Jill N. Tokuda D-HI-2
  • David G. Valadao R-CA-22