This breakdown was drafted by AI from the official documents and passed our automatic checks: every quoted word was found in its source, and every number comes from an official record. A person must review it before we mark it reviewed. Tap any small number to see the exact words a sentence rests on.
At a glance
Sourced- States that get federal child welfare money would need a plan to find, license, support and keep foster and adoptive families.
3
Section 422 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 622) is amended
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)through the development and implementation of a family partnership plan which meets the requirements of subsection (d) for identification, recruitment, screening, licensing, support, and retention of foster and adoptive families
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(1) - The plan must use data to set goals, place more children with relatives and cut unneeded group-home stays.
3
how the State plans to use data to establish goals, assess needs, measure progress, reduce unnecessary placements in congregate care, increase permanency, improve placement stability, increase the rate of kinship placements
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(D) - Each year, states would report how many foster families they have and how many go unused, and why.
3
the State shall collect and report on the State’s actual foster family capacity and congregate care utilization
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(3)the number of such families that haven’t received a placement or are not being fully utilized and the reasons therefor
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(3) - The federal health department would add these numbers, state by state, to its yearly report to Congress.
3
State-by-State data on the number, demographics, and characteristics of foster and adoptive families in the State, and the number of potential foster and adoptive families not being utilized in the State and the reasons why
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 3(3) → inserted (8)(A) - Rep. Randy Feenstra of Iowa wrote it. The House passed it on March 4, 2025. It has sat in a Senate committee since.
1
Sponsor: Rep. Feenstra, Randy [R-IA-4]
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Sponsor2025-03-04 14:16:17 | Library of Congress | Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, March 4, 20252025-03-05 | Senate | Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, March 5, 2025
What it would mean for you
SourcedIf you are a foster or adoptive parent
Your state would have to ask what you need, and why parents quit
- States would collect feedback from foster and adoptive parents each year, including why they stop fostering.
3
a summary of the most recent feedback from foster and adoptive parents and youth regarding licensure, training, support, and reasons why parents stop fostering
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(4) - States would set up or support foster family advisory boards.
3
how that State will stand up or support foster family advisory boards for the purpose of improving recruitment and retention of foster and adoptive families
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(E) - Families like yours would help write the state's plan.
3
The plan is developed in consultation with birth, kinship, foster and adoptive families, community-based service providers, technical assistance providers, and youth with lived experience with foster care and adoption.
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(1)
If a child in your family is in foster care
States would have to look for relatives first
- The plan must say how the state will find, notify and support relatives as homes for the child.
3
how the State plans to identify, notify, engage, and support relatives (and others connected to the child) as potential placement resources for children
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(A)
If you are a young person in foster care
A recruitment plan for you
- Each child who needs a family would get a recruitment plan of their own, and youth would help shape it.
3
how the State plans to develop and implement child-specific recruitment plans for every child in or entering foster care who needs a foster or adoptive family
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(B)how the State plans to authentically engage children and youth in recruitment efforts on their behalf
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(C)
If you live in Iowa
Iowans wrote both versions
- Rep. Randy Feenstra wrote this House version, and Rep. Zach Nunn of Iowa cosponsored it.
1
Sponsor: Rep. Feenstra, Randy [R-IA-4]
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · SponsorCosponsors (2): Rep. Boyle, Brendan F. [D-PA-2] (2025-01-21); Rep. Nunn, Zachary [R-IA-3] (2025-03-03)
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Cosponsors - Sen. Chuck Grassley's version has since passed the Senate.
8,9
I ask unanimous consent that the Grassley amendment at the desk be considered and agreed to
[9] Congressional Record, Senate, June 11, 2026 (S2770-S2771), passage of the Senate companion, S. 162 · S2770There being no objection, the committee was discharged, and the Senate proceeded to consider the bill.
[9] Congressional Record, Senate, June 11, 2026 (S2770-S2771), passage of the Senate companion, S. 162 · S2770the amendment made by this subsection shall take effect on October 1, 2027.
[8] Engrossed in Senate, S. 162 (the Senate companion, passed June 11, 2026) · Sec. 2(b)(1)
What this bill does not do
Sourced- It does not create a new grant. It adds requirements to an existing state plan.
3
Section 422 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 622) is amended
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)through the development and implementation of a family partnership plan which meets the requirements of subsection (d) for identification, recruitment, screening, licensing, support, and retention of foster and adoptive families
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(1) - States that need a new state law to comply would get extra time.
3
which the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines requires State legislation (other than legislation appropriating funds)
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(b)(2)
Current law vs. the bill
SourcedEvery place the bill changes existing law. On the left, the law as it stands today, quoted from the U.S. Code. On the right, the bill's words.
Current law
provide for the diligent recruitment of potential foster and adoptive families that reflect the ethnic and racial diversity of children in the State for whom foster and adoptive homes are needed;6
provide for the diligent recruitment of potential foster and adoptive families that reflect the ethnic and racial diversity of children in the State for whom foster and adoptive homes are needed;[6] 42 U.S.C. 622, State plans for child welfare services (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · (b)(7)
States had to provide for the diligent recruitment of foster and adoptive families, without saying how.
The bill
through the development and implementation of a family partnership plan which meets the requirements of subsection (d) for identification, recruitment, screening, licensing, support, and retention of foster and adoptive families3
through the development and implementation of a family partnership plan which meets the requirements of subsection (d) for identification, recruitment, screening, licensing, support, and retention of foster and adoptive families[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(1)
3
through the development and implementation of a family partnership plan which meets the requirements of subsection (d) for identification, recruitment, screening, licensing, support, and retention of foster and adoptive families[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(1)
Current law
include in the report submitted pursuant to paragraph (5) for fiscal year 2016 or any succeeding fiscal year, State-by-State data on7
include in the report submitted pursuant to paragraph (5) for fiscal year 2016 or any succeeding fiscal year, State-by-State data on[7] 42 U.S.C. 679b, Annual report on State performance (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · (a)(7)
The yearly report already carried some state-by-state data.
The bill
State-by-State data on the number, demographics, and characteristics of foster and adoptive families in the State, and the number of potential foster and adoptive families not being utilized in the State and the reasons why3
State-by-State data on the number, demographics, and characteristics of foster and adoptive families in the State, and the number of potential foster and adoptive families not being utilized in the State and the reasons why[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 3(3) → inserted (8)(A)
3
State-by-State data on the number, demographics, and characteristics of foster and adoptive families in the State, and the number of potential foster and adoptive families not being utilized in the State and the reasons why[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 3(3) → inserted (8)(A)
What the bill decides, and what it leaves to others
SourcedWritten into the bill
These take effect exactly as written.
- The plan's contents are listed in the bill, from relatives to advisory boards.
3
how the State plans to identify, notify, engage, and support relatives (and others connected to the child) as potential placement resources for children
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(A)how that State will stand up or support foster family advisory boards for the purpose of improving recruitment and retention of foster and adoptive families
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(E) - States must report their foster family numbers at least once a year.
3
the State shall collect and report on the State’s actual foster family capacity and congregate care utilization
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(3)
Left to agencies or states
The real effect depends on rules someone else writes later.
- Each state writes its own plan and sets its own goals.
3
how the State plans to use data to establish goals, assess needs, measure progress, reduce unnecessary placements in congregate care, increase permanency, improve placement stability, increase the rate of kinship placements
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(D) - The federal health department may require more information.
3
such other information relating to foster and adoptive parent recruitment and retention as the Secretary may require
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(6)
Section by section
SourcedRead all 4 sections in plain words
- Sec. 1 Short title
- Names the bill the Recruiting Families Using Data Act of 2025.
3
This Act may be cited as the Recruiting Families Using Data Act of 2025.
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 1 - Sec. 2(a) Family partnership plan
- States must write the plan with birth, relative, foster and adoptive families and youth who lived in foster care.It covers relatives, a recruitment plan for each child, using data, and family advisory boards.
3
The plan is developed in consultation with birth, kinship, foster and adoptive families, community-based service providers, technical assistance providers, and youth with lived experience with foster care and adoption.
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(1)Each year, states report their foster family numbers, parent feedback and the barriers to recruiting families who match the children's backgrounds.3
how the State plans to identify, notify, engage, and support relatives (and others connected to the child) as potential placement resources for children
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(A)how the State plans to develop and implement child-specific recruitment plans for every child in or entering foster care who needs a foster or adoptive family
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(B)how the State plans to use data to establish goals, assess needs, measure progress, reduce unnecessary placements in congregate care, increase permanency, improve placement stability, increase the rate of kinship placements
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(D)how that State will stand up or support foster family advisory boards for the purpose of improving recruitment and retention of foster and adoptive families
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(2)(E)The federal health department may ask for more.3
the State shall collect and report on the State’s actual foster family capacity and congregate care utilization
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(3)a summary of the most recent feedback from foster and adoptive parents and youth regarding licensure, training, support, and reasons why parents stop fostering
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(4)challenges or barriers to recruiting, licensing, and utilizing families who reflect the racial and ethnic background of children in foster care in the State
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(5)3
such other information relating to foster and adoptive parent recruitment and retention as the Secretary may require
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(6) - Sec. 2(b) When it starts
- The new plan rules start October 1, 2026 in the House version and October 1, 2027 in the Senate version.States that must pass a state law first get more time.
3,8
the amendment made by this subsection shall take effect on October 1, 2026.
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(b)(1)the amendment made by this subsection shall take effect on October 1, 2027.
[8] Engrossed in Senate, S. 162 (the Senate companion, passed June 11, 2026) · Sec. 2(b)(1)3
which the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines requires State legislation (other than legislation appropriating funds)
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(b)(2) - Sec. 3 Report to Congress
- The health department's yearly report adds state-by-state data on foster families, unused families and barriers to fostering.
3
include in the report submitted pursuant to paragraph (5)
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 3(3) → inserted (8)State-by-State data on the number, demographics, and characteristics of foster and adoptive families in the State, and the number of potential foster and adoptive families not being utilized in the State and the reasons why
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 3(3) → inserted (8)(A)a summary of the challenges of, and barriers to, being a foster or adoptive parent
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 3(3) → inserted (8)(B)
What changed between versions
Sourced2 steps, from first draft to final text
From the House bill as introduced to the House-passed text
No changes to the wording.
From the House-passed text to the House-passed text sent to the Senate
No changes to the wording.
Cost
Sourced- No cost estimate was published. The House passed it without a committee report.
1
2025-03-04 14:16:17 | Library of Congress | Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, March 4, 2025
Analysis
AnalysisEvery bill gets the same five questions. Arguments are attributed to the people who made them, and each side gets about the same space.
Path to law
- Feenstra introduced it on January 21, 2025.
1
Sponsor: Rep. Feenstra, Randy [R-IA-4]
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Sponsor2025-01-21 | Library of Congress | Introduced in House
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, January 21, 2025 - The House passed it by voice vote on March 4, 2025, under a fast-track rule.
1
2025-03-04 14:16:17 | Library of Congress | Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, March 4, 2025 - It went to the Senate Finance Committee on March 5, 2025, and has stayed there. The Senate later passed Grassley's version instead.
1,8,9
2025-03-05 | Senate | Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, March 5, 2025There being no objection, the committee was discharged, and the Senate proceeded to consider the bill.
[9] Congressional Record, Senate, June 11, 2026 (S2770-S2771), passage of the Senate companion, S. 162 · S2770the amendment made by this subsection shall take effect on October 1, 2027.
[8] Engrossed in Senate, S. 162 (the Senate companion, passed June 11, 2026) · Sec. 2(b)(1)
Balance of power
- Both versions have cosponsors from both parties.
1,5
Cosponsors (2): Rep. Boyle, Brendan F. [D-PA-2] (2025-01-21); Rep. Nunn, Zachary [R-IA-3] (2025-03-03)
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Cosponsorsintroduced by my Ways and Means colleagues, Representatives Randy Feenstra and Brendan Boyle
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H963, Rep. Smith - Each chamber passed its own version. To become law, one chamber must pass the other's.
1,9
On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, March 4, 2025There being no objection, the committee was discharged, and the Senate proceeded to consider the bill.
[9] Congressional Record, Senate, June 11, 2026 (S2770-S2771), passage of the Senate companion, S. 162 · S2770
Coalitions
- Neither chamber held a recorded vote, and no one spoke against it.
1,9
On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, March 4, 2025There being no objection, the committee was discharged, and the Senate proceeded to consider the bill.
[9] Congressional Record, Senate, June 11, 2026 (S2770-S2771), passage of the Senate companion, S. 162 · S2770 - The House and Senate versions are the same except for start dates. The House version starts October 1, 2026; the Senate version, October 1, 2027.
3,8
the amendment made by this subsection shall take effect on October 1, 2026.
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(b)(1)the amendment made by this subsection shall take effect on October 1, 2027.
[8] Engrossed in Senate, S. 162 (the Senate companion, passed June 11, 2026) · Sec. 2(b)(1)
Precedent
- A version passed the House in the last Congress but did not become law.
5
While it passed the House on a strong bipartisan vote, I was disappointed that the bill did not become law.
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H963, Rep. Davis
The strongest case on each side
For
- Many children lack a family because there are too few foster homes, and better data is needed to fix that.Rep. Randy Feenstra (R-IA), House sponsor
5
many vulnerable children in our foster care system lack a family that they can call their own due to the shortage of foster families
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H964, Rep. FeenstraIf we are going to address the problems facing the foster care system, we need better data on those that are having a problem.
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H964, Rep. Feenstra - Many foster parents quit after only a year, and without them children may wait in offices, hospitals or hotels.Rep. Jason Smith (R-MO), chairman, Ways and Means
5
many of these same parents, for any number of reasons, stop serving as foster families after only 1 year
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H963, Rep. Smiththey provide shelter for children who would otherwise be forced to stay in caseworker offices, hospitals, or hotels
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H963, Rep. Smith
Against
- No one opposed it. Davis warned that layoffs and funding cuts at federal agencies, including the health department, threaten this kind of work.Rep. Danny Davis (D-IL), who supported the bill
5
rampaging through Federal agencies, including the Department of Health and Human Services, firing policy experts
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H964, Rep. DavisI further urge my colleagues to work with us to stop these indiscriminate, illegal layoffs and funding cuts which threaten to undermine the good bipartisan work we have done on behalf of vulnerable children.
[5] Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · H964, Rep. Davis - It adds paperwork and planning for states but no new federal money to carry it out.Limit written into the bill
3
through the development and implementation of a family partnership plan which meets the requirements of subsection (d) for identification, recruitment, screening, licensing, support, and retention of foster and adoptive families
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(1)the State shall collect and report on the State’s actual foster family capacity and congregate care utilization
[3] Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)(2) → inserted (d)(3)
Did this make sense?
SourcedThree quick questions. Your answers are anonymous and tell us which breakdowns need clearer writing.
How this was checked
Sourced3 checks
- Automatic: every quote matched its source; every number matched an official record.
- The other chamber's version: Compared line by line: identical except the start date (Oct. 1, 2026 vs. 2027) and the first report year (fiscal 2025 vs. 2028).
- CBO estimate / committee report: None published for either version.
Spot an error? See our corrections log and how to report one
Sources
SourcedAll 9 sources
- Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Official bill record · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Referred in Senate (March 5, 2025) · Bill text · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Engrossed in House (March 4, 2025) · Bill text · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Introduced in House (January 21, 2025) · Bill text · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Congressional Record, House, March 4, 2025 (H962-H964) · Congressional Record · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- 42 U.S.C. 622, State plans for child welfare services (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · U.S. Code (current law) · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- 42 U.S.C. 679b, Annual report on State performance (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · U.S. Code (current law) · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Engrossed in Senate, S. 162 (the Senate companion, passed June 11, 2026) · Bill text · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Congressional Record, Senate, June 11, 2026 (S2770-S2771), passage of the Senate companion, S. 162 · Congressional Record · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
Official summary
SourcedRecruiting Families Using Data Act of 2025
This bill requires state plans for child welfare services to provide for the development and implementation of a family partnership plan to improve foster care placement stability, increase rates of kinship placements, and align the composition of foster and adoptive families with the needs of children in or entering foster care.
The Children's Bureau of the Administration for Children and Families also must include in its annual report information from states about the number, demographics, and characteristics of foster and adoptive families as well as a summary of the challenges related to recruiting and being foster or adoptive parents.
Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Introduced in House, Jan 21, 2025).
What has happened
Sourced- Mar 5, 2025Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.Senate
- Mar 4, 2025Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.House floor actions
- Mar 4, 2025On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H962-963)House floor actions
- Mar 4, 2025Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H962-963)Library of Congress
- Mar 4, 2025DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 579.House floor actions
- Mar 4, 2025Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H962-964)House floor actions
- Mar 4, 2025Mr. Smith (MO) moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.House floor actions
- Jan 21, 2025Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.House floor actions
- Jan 21, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress
- Jan 21, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress
Cosponsors
From Iowa
- Zachary Nunn R-IA-3
Everyone else (1)
- Brendan F. Boyle D-PA-2