This breakdown was drafted by AI from the official documents and passed our automatic checks: every quoted word was found in its source, and every number comes from an official record. Because this bill is high-profile, two people with different politics must review it before we mark it reviewed. Tap any small number to see the exact words a sentence rests on.
At a glance
Sourced- This health bill lets small businesses and self-employed people join together to buy coverage, called association health plans.
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A group or association of employers may maintain a group health plan, regardless of whether the employers composing such group or association are in the same industry, trade, or profession
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)By expanding association health plans, we give small businesses and self-employed workers the buying power of large employers, cutting premiums by as much as 30 percent.
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Miller-Meeks - It writes into law a way for employers to give workers money to buy their own plan.
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which is an employer-provided group health plan funded solely by employer contributions to provide payments or reimbursements for medical care subject to a maximum fixed dollar amount for a period
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(B)(i)under individual health insurance coverage
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(B)(ii)(I) - It makes drug middlemen report their pay and rebates to job-based health plans.
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not less frequently than every 6 months (or, at the request of a group health plan, not less frequently than quarterly
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(1)the total amount received, or expected to be received, by the entity providing pharmacy benefit management services, from applicable entities, in rebates, fees, alternative discounts, or other remuneration
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(2)(A)(i)(XI) - It funds ACA cost-sharing payments from 2027, but not for plans that cover abortion beyond the life of the mother, rape or incest.
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There are appropriated out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such sums as may be necessary for purposes of making payments under this section for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2027.
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(1)may not be used for purposes of making payments under this section for a qualified health plan that provides health benefit coverage that includes coverage of abortion
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(2)(A)only if necessary to save the life of the mother or if the pregnancy is a result of an act of rape or incest
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(2)(B) - It does not extend the larger ACA tax credits, which were set to expire at the end of the month the House voted. That was the main fight in the debate.
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extend the Affordable Care Act tax credits which are scheduled to expire at the end of this month
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5971, Rep. Jeffriesthe premium tax credits continue and revert back to their 2021 levels
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Miller-Meeks - The House passed it 216 to 211 on December 17, 2025. The Senate has not acted.
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2025-12-17 18:27:54 | House floor actions | On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 216 - 211 (Roll no. 349).
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 17, 20252025-12-18 | Senate | Received in the Senate.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 18, 2025
What it would mean for you
SourcedIf you buy insurance on the ACA marketplace
Lower list prices, but no extension of the bigger tax credits
- CBO estimated benchmark premiums would fall 11 percent on average through 2035.
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lower gross benchmark premiums by 11 percent, on average, through 2035.
[3] CBO and JCT: Estimated Budgetary Effects of H.R. 6703, as introduced (December 16, 2025) · CBO estimate, Dec. 16, 2025 - CBO also expected about 100,000 fewer people with insurance, on average.
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decrease the number of people with health insurance by an average of 100,000 over the 2027-2035 period.
[3] CBO and JCT: Estimated Budgetary Effects of H.R. 6703, as introduced (December 16, 2025) · CBO estimate, Dec. 16, 2025 - The bill does not extend the enhanced tax credits. Supporters say the credits go back to their 2021 levels.
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the premium tax credits continue and revert back to their 2021 levels
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Miller-Meeks - Opponents said premiums would jump for more than 20 million people without the extension.
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without this tax credit extension bill by Mr. Jeffries, health insurance premiums are going to skyrocket for more than 20 million Americans across the country
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Pallone
If you own a small business or work for yourself
You could join an association health plan
- Employers in different lines of work could band together to offer one plan.
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A group or association of employers may maintain a group health plan, regardless of whether the employers composing such group or association are in the same industry, trade, or profession
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a) - The group must have existed for 2 years for some other purpose, and cover at least 51 workers.
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have existed for at least 2 years prior to offering a group health plan to the employees of such group or association
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(iii)have been formed and maintained in good faith for purposes other than providing health insurance coverage through a group health plan
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(i)to at least 51 employees; and
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(iv)(I) - It cannot turn people away for pre-existing conditions.
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deny coverage under such plan on the basis of a pre-existing condition
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(3)(C) - Your business's share of the cost could still depend on its own risk profile.
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utilize the specific risk profile of each employer member of such group or association to determine contribution rates for each such employer member’s share of a premium
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(b)(1)(B)
If your employer offers you money for health coverage
A way to shop for your own plan would be in law
- Employers could fund an account you use to buy your own plan, with amounts allowed to rise with age, up to 300 percent of the lowest amount.
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which is an employer-provided group health plan funded solely by employer contributions to provide payments or reimbursements for medical care subject to a maximum fixed dollar amount for a period
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(B)(i)increases with respect to a participant as the age of the participant increases, but not in excess of an amount equal to 300 percent of the lowest maximum dollar amount
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(C)(v)(II) - You would get written notice of your rights at least 60 days before the plan year.
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not later than 60 days before the beginning of the plan year, given written notice of the employee’s rights and obligations
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(E)(i)
If you get prescriptions through job-based coverage
Your plan would see what the middlemen earn
- Pharmacy benefit managers would report to your plan at least every 6 months, including rebates they receive.
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not less frequently than every 6 months (or, at the request of a group health plan, not less frequently than quarterly
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(1)the total amount received, or expected to be received, by the entity providing pharmacy benefit management services, from applicable entities, in rebates, fees, alternative discounts, or other remuneration
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(2)(A)(i)(XI)
If you live in Iowa
Your representative wrote it, and all four Iowa House members voted yes
- Rep. Mariannette Miller-Meeks wrote the bill.
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Sponsor: Rep. Miller-Meeks, Mariannette [R-IA-1]
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Sponsor - Reps. Miller-Meeks, Hinson, Nunn and Feenstra all voted yes.
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Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · IowaAshley Hinson (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · IowaZachary Nunn (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · IowaRandy Feenstra (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Iowa
What this bill does not do
Sourced- It does not extend the enhanced ACA premium tax credits.
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extend the Affordable Care Act tax credits which are scheduled to expire at the end of this month
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5971, Rep. Jeffriesthe premium tax credits continue and revert back to their 2021 levels
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Miller-Meeks - It does not let association plans deny coverage for pre-existing conditions.
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deny coverage under such plan on the basis of a pre-existing condition
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(3)(C) - It does not override state limits on how association plans set premiums.
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may, to the extent not prohibited under State law
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(b)(1) - It is not law. The Senate received it and has not acted.
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2025-12-18 | Senate | Received in the Senate.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 18, 2025
Current law vs. the bill
SourcedEvery place the bill changes existing law. On the left, the law as it stands today, quoted from the U.S. Code. On the right, the bill's words.
Current law
and includes a group or association of employers acting for an employer in such capacity8
and includes a group or association of employers acting for an employer in such capacity[8] 29 U.S.C. 1002, Definitions (ERISA) (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · (5)
Associations could act for employers, but the law did not set rules for association health plans.
The bill
including, for the purpose of establishing or maintaining a group health plan, a group or association of employers that satisfies the requirements of section 736(a)2
including, for the purpose of establishing or maintaining a group health plan, a group or association of employers that satisfies the requirements of section 736(a)[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101(a)
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including, for the purpose of establishing or maintaining a group health plan, a group or association of employers that satisfies the requirements of section 736(a)[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101(a)
Current law
The term health insurance coverage means benefits consisting of medical care10
The term health insurance coverage means benefits consisting of medical care[10] 29 U.S.C. 1191b, Definitions (ERISA group health plans) (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · (b)(1)
The definition of health insurance coverage did not mention stop-loss policies.
The bill
Such term shall not include a stop-loss policy obtained by a self-insured group health plan or a plan sponsor of a group health plan that self-insures the health risks of its plan participants2
Such term shall not include a stop-loss policy obtained by a self-insured group health plan or a plan sponsor of a group health plan that self-insures the health risks of its plan participants[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 102(a)
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Such term shall not include a stop-loss policy obtained by a self-insured group health plan or a plan sponsor of a group health plan that self-insures the health risks of its plan participants[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 102(a)
2 more changes side by side
Current law
Notwithstanding subsection (a), the provisions of sections 2716 and 2718 of title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act9
Notwithstanding subsection (a), the provisions of sections 2716 and 2718 of title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act[9] 26 U.S.C. 9815, Additional market reforms (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · (b)
The exception covered only self-insured plans.
The bill
a custom health option and individual care expense arrangement shall be treated as meeting the requirements of section 98022
a custom health option and individual care expense arrangement shall be treated as meeting the requirements of section 9802[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(A)
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a custom health option and individual care expense arrangement shall be treated as meeting the requirements of section 9802[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(A)
Current law
New: nothing here today.
The bill
There are appropriated out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such sums as may be necessary for purposes of making payments under this section for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2027.2
There are appropriated out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such sums as may be necessary for purposes of making payments under this section for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2027.[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(1)
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There are appropriated out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such sums as may be necessary for purposes of making payments under this section for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2027.[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(1)
may not be used for purposes of making payments under this section for a qualified health plan that provides health benefit coverage that includes coverage of abortion[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(2)(A)
What the bill decides, and what it leaves to others
SourcedWritten into the bill
These take effect exactly as written.
- Association plan rules, such as 2 years in existence and at least 51 workers, are set in the bill.
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have existed for at least 2 years prior to offering a group health plan to the employees of such group or association
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(iii)to at least 51 employees; and
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(iv)(I) - Cost-sharing payments start with plan years on or after January 1, 2027.
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There are appropriated out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such sums as may be necessary for purposes of making payments under this section for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2027.
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(1) - Drug middlemen reports are due at least every 6 months.
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not less frequently than every 6 months (or, at the request of a group health plan, not less frequently than quarterly
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(1)
Left to agencies or states
The real effect depends on rules someone else writes later.
- The Treasury, Health and Labor departments must update their rules on employer health accounts.
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shall modify such rules as may be necessary to conform to the amendments made by this subsection
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103(a)(2)(B) - States can still limit how association plans set premiums.
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may, to the extent not prohibited under State law
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(b)(1)
Section by section
SourcedRead all 6 sections in plain words
- Sec. 1 Short title
- Names the bill the Lower Health Care Premiums for All Americans Act.
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This Act may be cited as the Lower Health Care Premiums for All Americans Act.
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 1 - Sec. 101 Association health plans
- Employers, even in different industries, may form a group plan if the group meets set rules.Rules: formed in good faith for another purpose, at least 2 years old, open to at least 51 workers, and not owned by an insurer.
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A group or association of employers may maintain a group health plan, regardless of whether the employers composing such group or association are in the same industry, trade, or profession
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)No health-based membership rules or pre-existing condition denials, but each employer's share can reflect its risk.2
have been formed and maintained in good faith for purposes other than providing health insurance coverage through a group health plan
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(i)have existed for at least 2 years prior to offering a group health plan to the employees of such group or association
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(iii)to at least 51 employees; and
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(A)(iv)(I)be controlled or owned by a health insurance issuer
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(C)(ii)Self-employed people who work at least 10 hours a week can join.2
may not condition the membership of an employer in the group or association on any health status-related factor
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(1)(D)deny coverage under such plan on the basis of a pre-existing condition
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(a)(3)(C)utilize the specific risk profile of each employer member of such group or association to determine contribution rates for each such employer member’s share of a premium
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(b)(1)(B)2
works at least 10 hours a week, or 40 hours per month, providing personal services to such trade or business
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 101 → inserted 736(f)(2)(D) - Sec. 102 Stop-loss insurance
- Stop-loss policies that protect self-insured employers from big claims would not count as health insurance.States could not block employers from buying such protection.
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Such term shall not include a stop-loss policy obtained by a self-insured group health plan or a plan sponsor of a group health plan that self-insures the health risks of its plan participants
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 102(a)2
shall preempt State laws insofar as they may now or hereafter prevent an employee benefit plan that is a group health plan from insuring against the risk of excess or unexpected health plan claims losses
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 102(b) → inserted (10) - Sec. 103 CHOICE arrangements
- Writes employer accounts for buying individual plans into law, building on 2019 rules.Lets workers in these accounts pay marketplace premiums before taxes.
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which is an employer-provided group health plan funded solely by employer contributions to provide payments or reimbursements for medical care subject to a maximum fixed dollar amount for a period
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(B)(i)a custom health option and individual care expense arrangement shall be treated as meeting the requirements of section 9802
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(A)the rules prescribed in the Federal Register on June 20, 2019
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103(a)(2)(A)(i)2
Subparagraph (A) shall not apply in the case of an employee participating in a custom health option and individual care expense arrangement
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103(a)(3) → inserted (C) - Sec. 201 Pharmacy benefit managers
- About 30 months after enactment, drug middlemen must send plans reports every 6 months on drug costs, the gap between what plans and pharmacies are paid, and rebates.Knowingly false reports bring civil fines.
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For plan years beginning on or after the date that is 30 months after the date of enactment of this section
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(a)not less frequently than every 6 months (or, at the request of a group health plan, not less frequently than quarterly
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(1)for each such claim, the difference between the amount paid under subclause (I) and the amount paid under subclause (II)
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(2)(A)(i)(III)the total amount received, or expected to be received, by the entity providing pharmacy benefit management services, from applicable entities, in rebates, fees, alternative discounts, or other remuneration
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(b)(2)(A)(i)(XI)2
that knowingly provides false information under this section shall be subject to a civil
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 201 → inserted 2799A–11(d)(3) - Sec. 202 Cost-sharing reduction payments
- Provides ongoing money for ACA cost-sharing payments starting with 2027 plans.The money cannot go to plans that cover abortion, except to save the mother's life or in cases of rape or incest.
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There are appropriated out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated such sums as may be necessary for purposes of making payments under this section for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2027.
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(1)2
may not be used for purposes of making payments under this section for a qualified health plan that provides health benefit coverage that includes coverage of abortion
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(2)(A)only if necessary to save the life of the mother or if the pregnancy is a result of an act of rape or incest
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 202 → inserted (h)(2)(B)
What changed between versions
Sourced1 step, from first draft to final text
From the House bill as introduced to the House-passed text
No changes to the wording.
Cost
Sourced- The Congressional Budget Office and Joint Committee on Taxation estimated it would cut the deficit by $35.6 billion over 2026 to 2035.
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reduce the deficit by $35.6 billion over the 2026-2035 period.
[3] CBO and JCT: Estimated Budgetary Effects of H.R. 6703, as introduced (December 16, 2025) · CBO estimate, Dec. 16, 2025 - CBO estimated benchmark premiums would fall 11 percent on average, and about 100,000 fewer people would have insurance.
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lower gross benchmark premiums by 11 percent, on average, through 2035.
[3] CBO and JCT: Estimated Budgetary Effects of H.R. 6703, as introduced (December 16, 2025) · CBO estimate, Dec. 16, 2025decrease the number of people with health insurance by an average of 100,000 over the 2027-2035 period.
[3] CBO and JCT: Estimated Budgetary Effects of H.R. 6703, as introduced (December 16, 2025) · CBO estimate, Dec. 16, 2025
Analysis
AnalysisEvery bill gets the same five questions. Arguments are attributed to the people who made them, and each side gets about the same space.
Path to law
- Rep. Miller-Meeks introduced it on December 15, 2025, and the House voted on it that same week.
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Sponsor: Rep. Miller-Meeks, Mariannette [R-IA-1]
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Sponsor2025-12-15 | Library of Congress | Introduced in House
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 15, 20252025-12-17 18:27:54 | House floor actions | On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 216 - 211 (Roll no. 349).
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 17, 2025 - The House took it up under a closed rule, which allowed no amendments.
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The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 6703 and H.R. 498 under a closed rule
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 17, 2025 - A Democratic motion to send it back to committee failed 210 to 218, and the bill passed 216 to 211.
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offered by the gentlewoman from Illinois (Ms. Underwood)
[7] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H6006-H6008), final votes · H60062025-12-17 18:21:52 | House floor actions | On motion to recommit Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 210 - 218 (Roll no. 348).
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 17, 20252025-12-17 18:27:54 | House floor actions | On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 216 - 211 (Roll no. 349).
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 17, 2025 - The Senate received it on December 18, 2025, and has not acted.
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2025-12-18 | Senate | Received in the Senate.
[1] Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Actions, December 18, 2025
Balance of power
- Republicans passed it with their own votes. At the same time, Democrats and some Republicans were pushing a separate bill to extend the tax credits.
4,6
Party R: Yes 216, No 1, Present 0, Not voting 3
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Party Rand the Republicans who have joined us now to make sure that we extend the Affordable Care Act tax credits
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5971, Rep. Jeffries - Even Republican Rep. Kevin Kiley, who voted yes, called it extremely modest.
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I will be voting for this measure today because the policy is good, but let's be realistic. It is extremely modest
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5975, Rep. Kiley
Coalitions
- The vote was almost entirely along party lines: Republicans 216 to 1, Democrats 0 to 210.
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Party R: Yes 216, No 1, Present 0, Not voting 3
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Party RParty D: Yes 0, No 210, Present 0, Not voting 3
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Party DTotals: Yes 216, No 211, Present 0, Not voting 6
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Totals - The one Republican no vote was Rep. Thomas Massie of Kentucky.
4
Thomas Massie (R-KY)
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Members voting No - On the motion to send it back, every Democrat voted yes and every Republican no.
5
Party D: Yes 210, No 0, Present 0, Not voting 3
[5] House roll call 348 (December 17, 2025) · Party DParty R: Yes 0, No 218, Present 0, Not voting 2
[5] House roll call 348 (December 17, 2025) · Party R - Iowa's House members, Miller-Meeks, Hinson, Nunn and Feenstra, all voted yes.
4
Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · IowaAshley Hinson (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · IowaZachary Nunn (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · IowaRandy Feenstra (R-IA): Yea
[4] House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Iowa
Precedent
- Employer accounts for buying individual plans exist today under 2019 rules; this would put them in law.
2
the rules prescribed in the Federal Register on June 20, 2019
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103(a)(2)(A)(i)a custom health option and individual care expense arrangement shall be treated as meeting the requirements of section 9802
[2] Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Sec. 103 → inserted (2)(A)
The strongest case on each side
For
- Association plans give small businesses the buying power of big employers, cutting premiums by as much as 30 percent.Rep. Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA), sponsor
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By expanding association health plans, we give small businesses and self-employed workers the buying power of large employers, cutting premiums by as much as 30 percent.
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Miller-Meeks - Drug middleman reports let families see where their health care dollars go.Rep. Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA), sponsor
6
Our reforms force transparency so families can finally see where their healthcare dollars go and pay less at the pharmacy counter.
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Miller-Meeks - CBO's 11 percent premium cut beats the 5 percent from extending Democrats' subsidies, and helps more than the 7 percent on the marketplace.Rep. Brett Guthrie (R-KY), chairman, Energy and Commerce
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The Congressional Budget Office estimates this plan will lower premiums by 11 percent compared to just 5 percent from the Democratic subsidies.
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5967, Rep. GuthrieThese policies will also lower healthcare costs for all Americans, not just the roughly 7 percent enrolled in the ObamaCare marketplace.
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5967, Rep. Guthrie - Small businesses and the self-employed could band together like large companies to lower costs.Rep. Tim Walberg (R-MI), chairman, Education and Workforce
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allows small businesses and self-employed Americans to band together, like large companies, to lower costs and deliver high-quality coverage
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5974, Rep. Walberg
Against
- Without extending the tax credits, premiums would skyrocket for more than 20 million people; the bill props up junk plans.Rep. Frank Pallone (D-NJ), ranking member, Energy and Commerce
6
without this tax credit extension bill by Mr. Jeffries, health insurance premiums are going to skyrocket for more than 20 million Americans across the country
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. PalloneRepublicans are using this affordability crisis to prop up junk health insurance plans that discriminate against people and leave them hanging when they get sick
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5968, Rep. Pallone - Association plans would cherry-pick healthier workers, raising costs for everyone left behind, and are prone to fraud.Rep. Bobby Scott (D-VA), ranking member, Education and Workforce
6
AHPs would make it easier for associations to cherry-pick small employers with younger, mostly male workforces who are healthier and can be charged lower rates
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5974, Rep. ScottSimple arithmetic dictates that if you pull healthy groups out, then all of those left behind will be paying more.
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5974, Rep. Scottthey are more vulnerable to fraud and insolvency than those in the marketplace
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5974, Rep. Scott - The stop-loss section would bar states and the Labor Department from regulating it.Rep. Bobby Scott (D-VA), ranking member, Education and Workforce
6
would prohibit the Department of Labor and States from ever regulating
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5974, Rep. Scott - It ignores the urgent problem: 22 million people are about to pay a lot more.Rep. Kevin Kiley (R-CA), who voted yes
6
the bill does not address the immediate urgent problem in front of us, which is that 22 million people are about to pay a lot more for health insurance
[6] Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · H5975, Rep. Kiley
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How this was checked
Sourced4 checks
- Automatic: every quote matched its source; every number matched an official record.
- CBO and JCT estimate (Dec. 16, 2025): Hand-recorded excerpts; CBO's site blocks automatic download, so an editor must confirm them. CBO scored the introduced text.
- House-passed text: No engrossed version is on GovInfo yet. The House considered the bill under a closed rule; the text printed in the Congressional Record for the debate matched the introduced version on every provision spot-checked. A reviewer should confirm against the engrossed text once GovInfo publishes it.
- Floor debate (H5956-H5978): Arguments on both sides are quoted from the Congressional Record; the 'For' side includes the sponsor and two committee chairs, the 'Against' side two ranking members and one Republican who voted yes but criticized the bill.
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Sources
SourcedAll 10 sources
- Official bill status record (actions, votes, cosponsors) · Official bill record · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Introduced in House (December 15, 2025) · Bill text · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- CBO and JCT: Estimated Budgetary Effects of H.R. 6703, as introduced (December 16, 2025) · Congressional Budget Office · retrieved Oct 28, 2026 · excerpts recorded by hand, awaiting confirmation
- House roll call 349 (December 17, 2025) · Roll call vote · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- House roll call 348 (December 17, 2025) · Roll call vote · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H5956-H5978), debate · Congressional Record · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- Congressional Record, House, December 17, 2025 (H6006-H6008), final votes · Congressional Record · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- 29 U.S.C. 1002, Definitions (ERISA) (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · U.S. Code (current law) · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- 26 U.S.C. 9815, Additional market reforms (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · U.S. Code (current law) · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
- 29 U.S.C. 1191b, Definitions (ERISA group health plans) (U.S. Code, 2024 edition, before this bill) · U.S. Code (current law) · retrieved Oct 28, 2026
Official summary
SourcedThe Congressional Research Service hasn't published a summary of this bill yet. They usually follow within weeks of introduction.
What has happened
Sourced- Dec 17, 2025Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 216 - 211 (Roll no. 349). Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
- Dec 15, 2025Introduced in HouseLibrary of Congress
Recorded votes
Sourced- Dec 17, 2025 · HousePassed 216–211On Passage · needed a majority
1 other recorded vote (procedure and amendments)
- Dec 17, 2025 · HouseFailed 210–218On Motion to Recommit · needed a majority