The law › Title 12, Banks and Banking › Chapter 13
12 U.S.C. 1703: Insurance of financial institutions
Created in 1957 by Public Law 85-104. Changed by 55 later laws. 1 new law this Congress changed it.
19 other sections of the Code cite this one, including 12 U.S.C. 1709, 12 U.S.C. 1713, 12 U.S.C. 1715e, 12 U.S.C. 1715k, 12 U.S.C. 1715l.
4 parts of federal rules cite it as their authority, written by Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing—federal Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and Urban Development (2), Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development (1), Office of Assistant Secretary for Equal Opportunity, Department of Housing and Urban Development (1).
- past change
- enacted this Congress
- proposed
This Congress
- H.R. 6644 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act · became law · changed (a), (b)
How it got here
2008
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2147(a), in first undesignated par., struck out "on and after July 1, 1939," after "made by them" and after "institution for such purposes" and struck out "made after August 2, 1954" after "credit, or purchase". (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2143, in first undesignated par., substituted "Other than in connection with a manufactured home or a lot on which to place such a home (or both), in no case" for "In no case" and ". With" for ": Provided, That with". (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (a)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2145(c), substituted "Except as provided in the last sentence of this paragraph, no" for "No" in introductory provisions and inserted concluding provisions. (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2145(a)(1), substituted "$25,090" for "$17,500". (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2145(a)(2)–(5), realigned margins and substituted "$69,678" for "$48,600" in subpar. (C), "$92,904" for "$64,800" in subpar. (D), and "$23,226" for "$16,200" in subpar. (E). (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2144(a), added par. (8). (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2145(b), added par. (9). (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2148(a), added par. (10). (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2150, added par. (11). (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (b)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2147(b), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (c) related to the Secretary's powers with respect to any debt, contract, claim, personal property, or security assigned or held in connection with the payment of insurance. (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (c)
- Pub. L. 110–289, §2146, designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, and added par. (2). (Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008) Law text · (f)
2000
- Pub. L. 106–569 substituted "twenty years" for "fifteen years". (American Homeownership and Economic Opportunity Act of 2000) Law text · (b)
1992
- Pub. L. 102–550, §1012(k)(1), which directed amendment of fifth undesignated par. by inserting "Alterations, repairs, and improvements upon or in connection with existing structures may also include the evaluation and reduction of lead-based paint hazards.", and by adding par. (4), was… · (a)
- Pub. L. 102–550, §503(c)(1), added subpars. (C) to (E) and struck out former subpars. (C) to (E) which read as follows: · (b)
- Pub. L. 102–389 added subpars. (C) to (E) and struck out former subpars. (C) to (E) which read as follows: · (b)
- Pub. L. 102–389 substituted "but in no case may such limits, as so increased, exceed the lesser of (A) 185 percent of the dollar amount specified, or (B) the dollar amount specified as increased by the same percentage by which 95 percent of the median one-family house price in the a… · (b)
1990
- Pub. L. 101–625, §340(b)(1)(A), added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: "$17,500 ($20,000 where financing the installation of a solar energy system is involved) if made for the purpose of financing alterations, repairs and improvements upon or i… · (b)
- Pub. L. 101–625, §340(b)(1)(B), substituted "$60,000 or an average amount of $12,000 per family unit" for "$43,750 or an average amount of $8,750 per family unit ($50,000 and $10,000, respectively, where financing the installation of a solar energy system is involved)". · (b)
- Pub. L. 101–625, §340(c)(1), added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: "fifteen years and thirty-two days if made for the purpose of financing alterations, repairs, and improvements upon or in connection with an existing single-family structure or… · (b)
- Pub. L. 101–625, §340(c)(2), substituted "twenty years" for "fifteen years". · (b)
- Pub. L. 101–625, §806(a), added subsec. (i). · (i)
1989
- Pub. L. 101–235 added par. (7). · (b)
1988
- Pub. L. 100–242 struck out "and not later than March 15, 1988," after "made by them on or after July 1, 1939,". · (a)
1987
- Pub. L. 100–200 substituted "March 15, 1988" for "December 16, 1987". · (a)
- Pub. L. 100–179 substituted "December 16, 1987" for "December 2, 1987". · (a)
- Pub. L. 100–170 substituted "December 2, 1987" for "November 15, 1987". · (a)
- Pub. L. 100–154 substituted "November 15, 1987" for "October 31, 1987". · (a)
- Pub. L. 100–122 substituted "October 31, 1987" for "September 30, 1987". · (a)
1986
- Pub. L. 99–430 substituted "September 30, 1987" for "September 30, 1986". · (a)
- Pub. L. 99–345 substituted "September 30, 1986" for "June 6, 1986". · (a)
- Pub. L. 99–289 substituted "June 6, 1986" for "April 30, 1986". · (a)
- Pub. L. 99–272 made amendment identical to Pub. L. 99–219. See 1985 Amendment note below. · (a)
- Pub. L. 99–267 substituted "April 30, 1986" for "March 17, 1986". · (a)
1985
- Pub. L. 99–219 substituted "not later than March 17, 1986" for "prior to December 16, 1985". · (a)
- Pub. L. 99–156 substituted "December 16, 1985" for "November 15, 1985". · (a)
- Pub. L. 99–120 substituted "November 15, 1985" for "October 1, 1985". · (a)
1983
- Pub. L. 98–181, §415, inserted new undesignated par. authorizing insurance be made available to existing manufactured homes not insured under this section if such homes were constructed in accordance with the standards issued under the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Saf… · (a)
- Pub. L. 98–181, §401(a), substituted "October 1, 1985" for "December 1, 1983". · (a)
- Pub. L. 98–109 substituted "December 1, 1983" for "October 1, 1983". · (a)
- Pub. L. 98–35 substituted "October 1, 1983" for "May 21, 1983". · (a)
- Pub. L. 98–181, §416(a)(1), substituted "$40,500" for "$22,500 ($35,000 in the case of a manufactured home composed of two or more modules)". · (b)
- Pub. L. 98–181, §416(a)(2), substituted "$54,000" for "$35,000 ($47,500 in the case of a manufactured home composed of two or more modules)". · (b)
- Pub. L. 98–181, §416(a)(3), substituted "$13,500" for "such an amount as may be necessary, but not exceeding $12,500,". · (b)
- Pub. L. 98–181, §416(b), substituted provision authorizing the Secretary, in other areas, to increase the maximum dollar amounts specified in subsec. (b)(1)(D) and (E) on an area-by-area basis as deemed necessary, but not to exceed the percentage by which the maximum mortgage amount… · (b)
- Pub. L. 98–181, §404(b)(1), amended par. (5) generally, substituting provision that any obligation with respect to which insurance is granted under this section bear interest at such rate as agreed upon by the borrower and the financial institution for provision that any such obliga… · (b)
- Pub. L. 98–181, §417, added subpar. (C). · (b)
1982
- Pub. L. 97–289 substituted "May 21, 1983" for "October 1, 1982". · (a)
1981
- Pub. L. 97–35, §339B(c), provided that for purposes of section 308(c)(1) of Pub. L. 96–399, the terms "mobile home" and "manufactured home" shall be deemed to include the terms "mobile homes" and "manufactured homes", respectively. See 1980 Amendment notes below.
- Pub. L. 97–35, §331(a), substituted "1982" for "1981". · (a)
- Pub. L. 97–35, §338(a), completely revised and reorganized provisions respecting computations, adjustments, applicability, etc., for granting of insurance to financial institutions for obligations representing loans, advances of credit, or purchases. · (b)
1980
- Pub. L. 96–399, §308(c)(1), which directed substitution of "manufactured home" for "mobile home" wherever appearing, was executed by substituting "manufactured home" for "mobile home" and "manufactured homes" for "mobile homes" wherever appearing pursuant to Pub. L. 97–35, §339B(c). Se… · (a)
- Pub. L. 96–399, §301(a), substituted "October 1, 1981" for "October 16, 1980". · (a)
- Pub. L. 96–372 substituted "October 16, 1980" for "October 1, 1980". · (a)
- Pub. L. 96–399, §308(c)(1), which directed substitution of "manufactured home" for "mobile home" wherever appearing, was executed by substituting "manufactured home" for "mobile home" and "manufactured homes" for "mobile homes" wherever appearing pursuant to Pub. L. 97–35, §339B(c). Se… · (b)
- Pub. L. 96–399, §308(a), (b), inserted provisions respecting areas of high land costs or high set-up costs and increased amounts with respect to financing purchases of such homes from $18,000 to $20,000 (from $27,000 to $30,000 where there are two or more modules), where an undeveloped lot is conce… · (b)
1979
- Pub. L. 96–153, §301(a), substituted "October 1, 1980" for "December 1, 1979". · (a)
- Pub. L. 96–105 substituted "December 1, 1979" for "November 1, 1979". · (a)
- Pub. L. 96–71 substituted "November 1, 1979" for "October 1, 1979". · (a)
- Pub. L. 96–153, §313(a), substituted: in cl. (1) of first sentence of first unlettered paragraph "$18,000 ($27,000 in the case of a mobile home containing" for "$16,000 ($24,000 in the case of a mobile home composing", in subpar. (A) of second unlettered paragraph "such an amount not e… · (b)
1978
- Pub. L. 95–557, §301(a), substituted "October 1, 1979" for "November 1, 1978". · (a)
- Pub. L. 95–406 substituted "November 1, 1978" for "October 1, 1978". · (a)
- Pub. L. 95–619 defined "energy conserving improvements" in terms of purchase and installation of weatherization materials as defined in section 6862(9) of title 42 rather than additions, alterations, or improvements of an existing or new structure, designed to reduce the total energ… · (a)
- Pub. L. 95–619 expanded definition of "solar energy system" to include the utilization of wind energy and added the distinction between active and passive types of energy systems. · (a)
- Pub. L. 95–557, §320, substituted "not in excess of $37,500 nor an average amount of $7,500 per family unit and having a maturity not in excess of fifteen years" for "not in excess of $25,000 nor an average amount of $5,000 per family unit and having a maturity not in excess of twelve … · (b)
1977
- Pub. L. 95–128, §301(a), substituted "October 1, 1978" for "October 1, 1977". · (a)
- Pub. L. 95–80 substituted "October 1, 1977" for "August 1, 1977". · (a)
- Pub. L. 95–60 substituted "August 1, 1977" for "June 30, 1977". · (a)
- Pub. L. 95–128, §306, substituted: in cl. (1) of first sentence "$15,000" for "$10,000" and "$16,000 ($24,000" for "$12,500 ($20,000", and in cl. (2) "fifteen years" for "twelve years"; inserted at end of proviso in cl. (2) "(twenty-three years and thirty-two days in the case of a mobi… · (b)
1975
- Pub. L. 94–173 substituted "$12,500 ($20,000" for "$10,000 ($15,000" in cl. 1. · (b)
1974
- Pub. L. 93–449, §4(a)(1), inserted provisions relating to financing preservation of historic structures and defining "historic structures" and "preservation". · (a)
- Pub. L. 93–383, §§309(b)(1), (2), (c), 316(a), substituted "June 30, 1977" for "October 1, 1974" in provisions preceding initially designated cl. (i), inserted "or mobile homes" after "in connection with existing structures" in initial cl. (i), provisions relating to the financing of the purchase o… · (a)
- Pub. L. 93–449, §4(a)(2), added par. relating to loans financing preservation of historic structures. · (b)
- Pub. L. 93–383, §309(a), (b)(3), (d), in cl. (1) substituted "exceeds $10,000" for "exceeds $5,000", in cl. (2) substituted provisions relating to maturity of obligation in excess of twelve years and thirty-two days for provisions relating to maturity of obligation in excess of three years and thir… · (b)
1973
- Pub. L. 93–117 substituted "October 1, 1974" for "October 1, 1973". · (a)
- Pub. L. 93–85 substituted "October 1, 1973" for "June 30, 1973". · (a)
1972
- Pub. L. 92–503 substituted "June 30, 1973" for "October 1, 1972". · (a)
1970
- Pub. L. 91–609, §101(a), substituted "October 1, 1972" for "January 1, 1971". · (a)
- Pub. L. 91–525 substituted "January 1, 1971" for "December 1, 1970". · (a)
- Pub. L. 91–473 substituted "December 1, 1970" for "November 1, 1970". · (a)
- Pub. L. 91–432 substituted "November 1, 1970" for "October 1, 1970". · (a)
- Pub. L. 91–609, §113(1), (2), in cl. (1) prohibited insurance with respect to obligations representing a loan where loan exceeds "($15,000 in the case of a mobile home composed of two or more modules)", and in cl. (2) prescribed maturity date for obligation financing purchase of a mobi… · (b)
1969
- Pub. L. 91–152, §§101(a), 103(c)(1)(4), substituted "October 1, 1970" for "January 1, 1970", designated as "(i)" provisions authorizing and empowering the Secretary to insure institutions financing alterations, repairs, and improvements, etc., inserted provisions designated as "(ii)" d… · (a)
- Pub. L. 91–78 substituted "January 1, 1970" for "October 1, 1969". · (a)
- Pub. L. 91–152, §103(c)(5), (6), in cl. (1) inserted provision excepting obligations financing the purchase of mobile homes in an amount not exceeding $10,000, and in cl. (2) inserted proviso limiting obligations financing the purchase of mobile homes to a maturity date not in excess o… · (b)
- Pub. L. 91–152, §103(c)(7), substituted "real or personal property" for "real property" wherever appearing. · (c)
1968
- Pub. L. 90–448 substituted "$5,000" for "$3,500", "seven years" for "five years", "$5.50 discount" for "$5 discount", and "$4.50 discount" for "$4 discount". · (b)
1967
- Pub. L. 90–19, §1(a)(3), substituted "Secretary" for "Commissioner" wherever appearing in subsecs. (a), (b), (c)(1), (2), and (d) to (h).
- Pub. L. 90–19, §1(d), substituted "an officer" for "the Commissioner or by any Assistant Commissioner". · (c)
1965
- Pub. L. 89–117, §202(a), substituted "October 1, 1969" for "October 1, 1965". · (a)
- Pub. L. 89–117, §1108(a), struck out provisions directing the deposit of premium charges and fees and property held with respect to insurance into a United States Treasury account to be used to defray Federal Housing Administration expenses and to pay insurance claims and making allowa… · (f)
1964
- Pub. L. 88–560 struck out "after December 31, 1957," after "Any payment for loss made". · (g)
1961
- Pub. L. 87–70 substituted "October 1, 1965" for "October 1, 1961". · (a)
1960
- Pub. L. 86–788 substituted "October 1, 1961" for "October 1, 1960", and struck out provisions limiting the aggregate amount of all loans, advances of credit, and obligations purchased, with respect to which insurance could be granted under the section, at $1,750,000,000. · (a)
1959
- Pub. L. 86–372 substituted "October 1, 1960" for "September 30, 1959". · (a)
1957
- Pub. L. 85–104 added subsec. (g) and redesignated former subsec. (g) as (h). · (g), (h)
Text, outline and history from the official U.S. Code (2024 edition) on GovInfo, published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Changes made after that edition appear under This Congress.