The law › Title 7, Agriculture › Chapter 26
7 U.S.C. 608c: Orders
Created in 1961 by Public Law 87-128. Changed by 34 later laws. 1 bill in this Congress would change it.
15 other sections of the Code cite this one, including 7 U.S.C. 602, 7 U.S.C. 608d, 7 U.S.C. 608e-1, 7 U.S.C. 610, 7 U.S.C. 627.
2 parts of federal rules cite it as their authority, written by Office of the Secretary of Agriculture (1), Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), Department of Agriculture (1).
- past change
- enacted this Congress
- proposed
This Congress
- S. 5526 Agricultural Act of 2026 · reported by committee · would change (5)
How it got here
2018
- Pub. L. 115–334 added third sentence and struck out former third sentence and table which related to minimum aggregate dollar amount of adjustments to prices for milk of the highest use classification under orders that were in effect under this section on Dec. 23, 1985, and fourth s… (Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018) Law text · (5)
2008
- Pub. L. 110–246, §1504, added subsec. (17) and struck out former subsec. (17). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The provisions of this section, section 608d of this title, applicable to orders shall be applicable to amendments to orders: Provided, That notice of a hearing up… (Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008) Law text · (17)
2006
- Pub. L. 109–215, §2(a), added pars. (M) to (O). (Milk Regulatory Equity Act of 2005) Law text · (5)
- Pub. L. 109–215, §2(b)(1), which directed striking out last sentence in subpar. (C), was executed by striking out concluding provisions "The price of milk paid by a handler at a plant operating in Clark County, Nevada shall not be subject to any order issued under this section." which… (Milk Regulatory Equity Act of 2005) Law text · (11)
- Pub. L. 109–215, §2(b)(2), added par. (D). (Milk Regulatory Equity Act of 2005) Law text · (11)
2004
- Pub. L. 108–379, in concluding provisions, struck out "or pears" after "grapefruit" and ": Provided, That in a marketing order applicable to pears for canning or freezing the representation of processors and producers on such agency shall be equal" before period at end. Law text · (7)
2002
- Pub. L. 107–171, §10601(a)(1), inserted "caneberries (including raspberries, blackberries, and loganberries)," after "other than pears, olives, grapefruit, cherries,". (Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002) Law text · (2)
- Pub. L. 107–171, §10601(a)(2), substituted "tomatoes, caneberries (including raspberries, blackberries, and loganberries)," for "tomatoes,," in first proviso. (Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002) Law text · (6)
2001
- Pub. L. 107–76, which directed insertion of "The Secretary is authorized to implement a producer allotment program and a handler withholding program under the cranberry marketing order in the same crop year through informal rulemaking based on a recommendation and supporting economic a… (Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2002) Law text · (1)
1999
- Pub. L. 106–78, §757(a)(2), substituted "Florida Indian River grapefruit, and cranberries" for "and Florida Indian River grapefruit" in first proviso. (Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000) Law text · (6)
- Pub. L. 106–78, §757(a)(1), which directed substitution of ", Florida grown strawberries, or cranberries" for "or Florida grown strawberries" in first proviso, was executed by making the substitution for "or Florida-grown strawberries" to reflect the probable intent of Congress. (Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000) Law text · (6)
- Pub. L. 106–78, §760, inserted at end "The price of milk paid by a handler at a plant operating in Clark County, Nevada shall not be subject to any order issued under this section." (Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000) Law text · (11)
1992
- Pub. L. 102–553 inserted at end "In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall complete all informal rulemaking actions necessary to respond to recommendations submitted by administrative committees for such orders as expeditiously as possible, but not more than 45 days (to the ext… · (1)
1991
- Pub. L. 102–237 substituted ", and" for "and," before cl. (f). · (5)
1990
- Pub. L. 101–624, §112, added cl. (f). · (5)
- Pub. L. 101–624, §113, added par. (L). · (5)
- Pub. L. 101–624, §1306(1), struck out "(other than a provision calling for payment of a pro rata share of expenses)" before "shall, on conviction" and substituted ". If" for ": Provided, That if". · (14)
- Pub. L. 101–624, §1306(2), struck out "(other than a provision calling for payment of a pro rata share of expenses)" before "may be assessed". · (14)
1988
- Pub. L. 100–418, §4601, added par. (K). · (5)
- Pub. L. 100–418, §4602, substituted "tomatoes, or Florida-grown strawberries," for "or tomatoes" in first proviso. · (6)
1987
- Pub. L. 100–203 designated existing provisions as par. (A) and added par. (B). · (14)
1985
- Pub. L. 99–198, §131(a), inserted provisions, with accompanying table, establishing the minimum aggregate amounts of the adjustments under cls. (1) and (2) to prices for milk of the highest use classification under orders in effect on Dec. 23, 1985, and requiring that such prices be… · (5)
- Pub. L. 99–198, §133, added par. (J). · (5)
- Pub. L. 99–198, §1661(a), substituted "$5,000" for "$500". · (14)
- Pub. L. 99–198, §1662(a)(1), designated existing provisions of par. (A) as cl. (i), substituted "Except as provided in clause (ii), the Secretary" for "The Secretary", and added cl. (ii). · (16)
- Pub. L. 99–198, §1662(a)(2), substituted "Except as otherwise provided in this subsection with respect to the termination of an order issued under this section, the termination" for "The termination". · (16)
1983
- Pub. L. 98–180, §304(1), substituted "poultry (but not excepting turkeys and not excepting poultry which produce commercial eggs)," for "poultry (but not excepting turkeys), eggs (but not excepting turkey hatching eggs),". · (2)
- Pub. L. 98–180, §304(2), inserted "eggs," after "pecans," in first proviso. · (6)
- Pub. L. 98–171 inserted, in first proviso, "filberts (otherwise known as hazelnuts)," after "almonds," in two places. · (6)
1981
- Pub. L. 97–98, §101(a)(1), temporarily added cls. (d) and (e) and struck out former cl. (d) which read as follows: "a further adjustment, equitably to apportion the total value of the milk purchased by any handler, or by all handlers, among producers and associations of producers, o… · (5)
- Pub. L. 97–98, §101(a)(2), temporarily struck out period at end and added second proviso related to provisions governing procedures when one-third or more of producers apply in writing for a hearing on a proposed amendment of an order, prohibiting any construction of subsec. (12) in a… · (17)
- Pub. L. 97–98, §101(a)(3), temporarily inserted "to meet current needs and further to assure a level of farm income adequate to maintain productive capacity sufficient to meet anticipated future needs" after "pure and wholesome milk". See Effective and Termination Dates of 1981 Amendm… · (18)
1980
- Pub. L. 96–494 inserted, in first proviso, "walnuts," before "or tomatoes" and "walnuts, olives," before "and Florida Indian River grapefruit". · (6)
1978
- Pub. L. 95–279 inserted, in first proviso, "raisins," after "apples," and ", raisins," after "with respect to almonds". · (6)
1973
- Pub. L. 93–230 inserted "and Florida Indian River grapefruit" after "with respect to almonds" in first proviso. · (6)
- Pub. L. 93–86 added Pub. L. 91–524, §201(f)(1). See 1970 Amendment note below. · (17)
- Pub. L. 93–86 added Pub. L. 91–524, §201(f)(2). See 1970 Amendment note below. · (18)
1972
- Pub. L. 92–466, §1(1), inserted "pears," after "canned or frozen" the first time appearing and before "olives,". · (2)
- Pub. L. 92–233, §1(1), inserted "and not including potatoes for canning, freezing, or other processing" after "vegetables (not including vegetables, other than asparagus, for canning or freezing". The amendment served to make permanent the temporary exemption first inserted by Pub. L. 91–196, §1(1)… · (2)
- Pub. L. 92–233, §1(2), inserted "including potatoes for canning, freezing, or other processing" after "fruits and vegetables for canning or freezing,". The amendment served to make permanent the temporary exemption first inserted by Pub. L. 91–196, §1(2). See 1970 Amendment note and… · (2)
- Pub. L. 92–466, §1(2), in first proviso, struck out "fresh" before "pears" and inserted at end "and when the handling of any commodity for canning or freezing is regulated, then any such projects may also deal with the commodity or its products in canned or frozen form". · (6)
- Pub. L. 92–466, §1(5), added par. (J). · (6)
- Pub. L. 92–466, §1(3), inserted "or pears" after "a marketing order applicable to grapefruit", struck out period at end, and inserted ": Provided, That in a marketing order applicable to pears for canning or freezing the representation of processors and producers on such agency shal… · (7)
- Pub. L. 92–466, §1(4), inserted provision respecting producer or processor referendum for approving order applicable to pears for canning or freezing. · (19)
1971
- Pub. L. 91–670, §101, added par. (I). · (5)
- Pub. L. 92–120 inserted "California-grown peaches," after "applicable to almonds," in first proviso. · (6)
- Pub. L. 91–670, §201, substituted "apples, or tomatoes" for "or apples" in first proviso. · (6)
1970
- Pub. L. 91–341 substituted "Connecticut, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Illinois, and Ohio" for "and Connecticut". · (2)
- Pub. L. 91–196, §1(1), temporarily inserted "and not including potatoes for canning, freezing, or other processing" after "vegetables (not including vegetables, other than asparagus, for canning or freezing". See Effective Date of 1970 Amendment note below. · (2)
- Pub. L. 91–196, §1(2), temporarily inserted "including potatoes for canning, freezing, or other processing," after "fruits and vegetables for canning or freezing,". See Effective Date of 1970 Amendment note below. · (2)
- Pub. L. 91–524, §201(a), temporarily added cls. (d) to (f) and struck out former cl. (d) and concluding provisions. See Termination of 1970 Amendment note below. · (5)
- Pub. L. 91–522 inserted "almonds," before "cherries" in first proviso, inserted at end of first proviso "and with respect to almonds may provide for crediting the pro rata expense assessment obligations of a handler with all or any portion of his direct expenditures for such marketi… · (6)
- Pub. L. 91–384 inserted "papayas," after "applicable to cherries," in first proviso. · (6)
- Pub. L. 91–363 substituted "avocados, or apples" for "or avocados" in first proviso. · (6)
- Pub. L. 91–292 which directed the insertion of "production research," after "Establishing or providing for the establishment of", was executed by making the insertion after "establishing or providing for the establishment of" to reflect the probable intent of Congress, inserted "or efficient produc… · (6)
- Pub. L. 91–524, §201(f)(1), as added by Pub. L. 93–86, temporarily struck out period at end and added second proviso related to provisions governing procedures when one-third or more of producers apply in writing for a hearing on a proposed amendment of an order, prohibiting any const… · (17)
- Pub. L. 91–524, §201(f)(2), as added by Pub. L. 93–86, temporarily inserted "to meet current needs and further to assure a level of farm income adequate to maintain productive capacity sufficient to meet anticipated future needs" after "pure and wholesome milk". See Termination of 197… · (18)
1965
- Pub. L. 89–321, §101, temporarily added cl. (d) and concluding provisions and struck out former cl. (d). See Termination of 1965 Amendments note below. · (5)
- Pub. L. 89–321, §102(a), temporarily added par. (H). See Termination of 1965 Amendments note below. · (5)
- Pub. L. 89–330 inserted ", carrots, citrus fruits, onions, Tokay grapes, fresh pears, dates, plums, nectarines, celery, sweet corn, limes, olives, pecans, or avocados" after "applicable to cherries" in proviso. · (6)
- Pub. L. 89–321, §102(b), temporarily inserted "or, in the case of orders applying only to manufacturing milk, the production area" after "marketing area" in two places. See Termination of 1965 Amendments note below. · (18)
1962
- Pub. L. 87–703 struck out period at end and inserted ": Provided, That with respect to orders applicable to cherries such projects may provide for any form of marketing promotion including paid advertising." · (6)
1961
- Pub. L. 87–128, §141(3), designated provisions after "applicable only to" as par. (A), inserted "cherries, apples, or cranberries," after "grapefruit," the first time appearing, substituted "Idaho, New York, Michigan, Maryland, New Jersey, Indiana, California, Maine, Vermont, New Hamps… · (2)
- Pub. L. 87–128, §141(4), amended text generally. · (19)
Text, outline and history from the official U.S. Code (2024 edition) on GovInfo, published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Changes made after that edition appear under This Congress.