WHAT THE LAW DOINCongress, in plain words

S. 2296 · 119th Congress

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026

Passed SenateArmed Forces and National Security
IntroducedJul 15, 2025
Passed SenateOct 9, 2025
Passed HouseNot yet
To PresidentNot yet
Became lawNot yet

Where it stands

Passed Senate. Latest step, Nov 12, 2025: Held at the desk. The Senate passed it 77–20. It would change 501 sections of existing law and would add 550 new provisions of its own.

How this bill changes the law

Sourced

S. 2296 would change 501 sections of existing law, and would create 550 new provisions of its own. Read from the bill text as passed by the Senate (Oct 9, 2025).

Where in the law, by title of the U.S. Code:

  1. Title 10: Armed Forces131 sections
  2. Title 50: War and National Defense50 sections
  3. Title 42: The Public Health and Welfare42 sections
  4. Title 22: Foreign Relations and Intercourse41 sections
  5. Earlier laws outside the Code39 sections
  6. Title 14: Coast Guard37 sections

and 24 more titles

See the map: the first 14 sections it would change, line by line
487 more sections it would change, not drawn above

Public Law 117-81, 10 U.S.C. 482, 10 U.S.C. 130i, 10 U.S.C. 526, 10 U.S.C. 7037, 10 U.S.C. 8088, 10 U.S.C. 9037, 10 U.S.C. 806, 10 U.S.C. 827, 10 U.S.C. 824a, 10 U.S.C. 619a, 10 U.S.C. 618, 10 U.S.C. 629, 10 U.S.C. 14111, 10 U.S.C. 525, 10 U.S.C. 12686, 32 U.S.C. 710, 10 U.S.C. 8081, 10 U.S.C. 1214, 10 U.S.C. 702, 10 U.S.C. 7442, 10 U.S.C. 8454, 10 U.S.C. 9442, 10 U.S.C. 7406, Public Law 116-92, 10 U.S.C. 7448, 10 U.S.C. 8459, 10 U.S.C. 9448, 10 U.S.C. 1142, 20 U.S.C. 923, 10 U.S.C. 1563a, 36 U.S.C. 148, 37 U.S.C. 402, 10 U.S.C. 638a, Public Law 102-484, 10 U.S.C. 1175a, 10 U.S.C. 992, 10 U.S.C. 2484, 10 U.S.C. 1073d, 10 U.S.C. 1077, 10 U.S.C. 1074o, 10 U.S.C. 1079, 10 U.S.C. 1086, 10 U.S.C. 1093, 10 U.S.C. 1073c, 10 U.S.C. 2733a, Public Law 111-84, 38 U.S.C. 1703, 38 U.S.C. 5503, 10 U.S.C. 1096, 10 U.S.C. 1737, 10 U.S.C. 1731, 10 U.S.C. 1735, 10 U.S.C. 1706, 10 U.S.C. 1707, 10 U.S.C. 1764, 10 U.S.C. 4025, Public Law 112-239, 10 U.S.C. 4401, 10 U.S.C. 4402, 10 U.S.C. 4403, 10 U.S.C. 3014, 10 U.S.C. 3457, 10 U.S.C. 3453, 10 U.S.C. 3456, 10 U.S.C. 3458, 10 U.S.C. 4022, 10 U.S.C. 4023, 10 U.S.C. 3452, 10 U.S.C. 3706, 10 U.S.C. 3702, 10 U.S.C. 4872, 10 U.S.C. 4862, 10 U.S.C. 4817, 10 U.S.C. 4952, 10 U.S.C. 4955, 10 U.S.C. 4324, 10 U.S.C. 222c, 10 U.S.C. 149, 10 U.S.C. 139, 10 U.S.C. 133a, 10 U.S.C. 148, 10 U.S.C. 138, 10 U.S.C. 181, 10 U.S.C. 3104, 10 U.S.C. 133b, 10 U.S.C. 151, 10 U.S.C. 113, 10 U.S.C. 147, 10 U.S.C. 656, 10 U.S.C. 986, 10 U.S.C. 2001, 10 U.S.C. 118, 10 U.S.C. 2284, 10 U.S.C. 240g, 10 U.S.C. 2218, 10 U.S.C. 8669c, Public Law 114-92, 10 U.S.C. 284, 10 U.S.C. 714, 10 U.S.C. 723, 10 U.S.C. 115a, 10 U.S.C. 408, 48 U.S.C. 1806, 10 U.S.C. 130f, 50 U.S.C. 4565, 38 U.S.C. 4103A, 40 U.S.C. 6121, 34 U.S.C. 10631, 34 U.S.C. 10595a, 34 U.S.C. 10261, 34 U.S.C. 60511, 34 U.S.C. 60521, 34 U.S.C. 60531, 42 U.S.C. 213a, 42 U.S.C. 210-1, 38 U.S.C. 1724, 42 U.S.C. 405, 12 U.S.C. 1795c, 8 U.S.C. 1151, 34 U.S.C. 10701, 34 U.S.C. 21111, 34 U.S.C. 21112, 34 U.S.C. 21113, 34 U.S.C. 21114, 34 U.S.C. 21115, 34 U.S.C. 21116, 34 U.S.C. 21117, 34 U.S.C. 21101, 18 U.S.C. 2258A, 34 U.S.C. 10281, 34 U.S.C. 10381, 34 U.S.C. 10101, 34 U.S.C. 10202, 34 U.S.C. 10231, 16 U.S.C. 1826i, 16 U.S.C. 8031, 16 U.S.C. 8032, 33 U.S.C. 1131, 10 U.S.C. 2200h, 10 U.S.C. 1746, 10 U.S.C. 1580, 10 U.S.C. 1599f, 10 U.S.C. 321, 10 U.S.C. 342, 10 U.S.C. 352, 10 U.S.C. 333, Public Law 110-181, 22 U.S.C. 2151, Public Law 102-1, Public Law 107-243, Public Law 106-65, 22 U.S.C. 8606, 10 U.S.C. 2611, 22 U.S.C. 10010, 22 U.S.C. 9601, 22 U.S.C. 9612, 22 U.S.C. 9613, 22 U.S.C. 9614, 22 U.S.C. 9621, 22 U.S.C. 9622, 22 U.S.C. 9624, 22 U.S.C. 9631, 22 U.S.C. 9632, 22 U.S.C. 9633, 22 U.S.C. 9652, 22 U.S.C. 9653, 22 U.S.C. 9654, 22 U.S.C. 9656, 22 U.S.C. 9671, Public Law 116-94, 50 U.S.C. 98d, 50 U.S.C. 98e, 10 U.S.C. 9040, 10 U.S.C. 179, 10 U.S.C. 5501, 10 U.S.C. 5531, 50 U.S.C. 3373, Public Law 117-103, 10 U.S.C. 500e, 10 U.S.C. 488, 10 U.S.C. 392a, 10 U.S.C. 167b, 10 U.S.C. 394, 10 U.S.C. 2224, 50 U.S.C. 4501, 10 U.S.C. 2854, 10 U.S.C. 3241, Public Law 118-81, 10 U.S.C. 2208, 10 U.S.C. 2391, 10 U.S.C. 2856a, 10 U.S.C. 2837, 10 U.S.C. 2891c, 10 U.S.C. 2890, Public Law 106-398, 10 U.S.C. 2688, Public Law 113-66, Public Law 108-136, Public Law 108-375, 50 U.S.C. 2538a, 50 U.S.C. 2538b, 50 U.S.C. 2401, 50 U.S.C. 2753, 50 U.S.C. 2661, 50 U.S.C. 2701, 50 U.S.C. 2791, 37 U.S.C. 910, 37 U.S.C. 333, 37 U.S.C. 403, 18 U.S.C. 793, 42 U.S.C. 16279b, 15 U.S.C. 278s, 50 U.S.C. 4564, 22 U.S.C. 611, 22 U.S.C. 614, 22 U.S.C. 621, 15 U.S.C. 1681, 22 U.S.C. 613, 22 U.S.C. 2651a, 15 U.S.C. 78p, 12 U.S.C. 4703, 12 U.S.C. 4713a, Public Law 103-325, 12 U.S.C. 4712, 12 U.S.C. 4703a, 42 U.S.C. 1472, 18 U.S.C. 1201, 18 U.S.C. 1958, 18 U.S.C. 2332b, 21 U.S.C. 960a, 18 U.S.C. 115, 18 U.S.C. 2261A, 18 U.S.C. 1114, 18 U.S.C. 1751, 50 U.S.C. 4811, 22 U.S.C. 2778, 22 U.S.C. 2318, 50 U.S.C. 3191, 10 U.S.C. 2884, 50 U.S.C. 3001, 50 U.S.C. 3364, 50 U.S.C. 3037, 50 U.S.C. 3602, 50 U.S.C. 3056, 50 U.S.C. 3382a, 50 U.S.C. 3028, 50 U.S.C. 3520, 20 U.S.C. 1015d, 50 U.S.C. 3531, 50 U.S.C. 3527, 50 U.S.C. 3503, 50 U.S.C. 3091, 50 U.S.C. 3024, 50 U.S.C. 3344, 50 U.S.C. 3026, 50 U.S.C. 3351b, 50 U.S.C. 3027, 50 U.S.C. 3031, 50 U.S.C. 3382, 50 U.S.C. 3383, 5 U.S.C. 5315, 50 U.S.C. 3381, 50 U.S.C. 3384, 50 U.S.C. 3385, 6 U.S.C. 101, Public Law 108-458, 22 U.S.C. 2656j, 50 U.S.C. 3307, 50 U.S.C. 3058, 50 U.S.C. 3021, 50 U.S.C. 3032, 50 U.S.C. 3237, 50 U.S.C. 3334m, 50 U.S.C. 3161, 50 U.S.C. 3341, Public Law 98-618, Public Law 115-31, 50 U.S.C. 3098, 50 U.S.C. 3227b, 50 U.S.C. 3372, Public Law 114-113, 50 U.S.C. 3334s, 22 U.S.C. 6038, 22 U.S.C. 9412, 52 U.S.C. 20971, 42 U.S.C. 15401, 22 U.S.C. 2291h, 21 U.S.C. 2311, 21 U.S.C. 2312, 22 U.S.C. 2291, 22 U.S.C. 1741, 49 U.S.C. 42308, 22 U.S.C. 7107, Public Law 115-425, 19 U.S.C. 4205, 22 U.S.C. 7114, 22 U.S.C. 7102, 8 U.S.C. 1375c, 22 U.S.C. 7110, 34 U.S.C. 21509, 14 U.S.C. 4902, 14 U.S.C. 4904, 14 U.S.C. 1105, 14 U.S.C. 5103, 14 U.S.C. 5107, 14 U.S.C. 1138, 14 U.S.C. 1158, 14 U.S.C. 903, 14 U.S.C. 528, 46 U.S.C. 70032, 14 U.S.C. 907, 14 U.S.C. 546, 14 U.S.C. 504, 14 U.S.C. 721, 14 U.S.C. 3740, 14 U.S.C. 2512, 37 U.S.C. 206, 14 U.S.C. 2708, 14 U.S.C. 564, 14 U.S.C. 3710, 14 U.S.C. 2131, 14 U.S.C. 2514, 14 U.S.C. 324, 14 U.S.C. 305, 14 U.S.C. 312, Public Law 115-282, 33 U.S.C. 1321, 14 U.S.C. 1903, 14 U.S.C. 1906, 14 U.S.C. 1902, 46 U.S.C. 2101, 46 U.S.C. 7116, 46 U.S.C. 7306, 46 U.S.C. 7313, 46 U.S.C. 7315, 16 U.S.C. 1802, 18 U.S.C. 1992, 49 U.S.C. 1101, 46 U.S.C. 7307, 46 U.S.C. 7308, 46 U.S.C. 7309, 46 U.S.C. 7310, 46 U.S.C. 7311, 46 U.S.C. 7311a, 46 U.S.C. 7510, 46 U.S.C. 7507, 46 U.S.C. 7102, 46 U.S.C. 7304, 46 U.S.C. 8103, 8 U.S.C. 1408, 46 U.S.C. 2302, 46 U.S.C. 7702, 46 U.S.C. 3714, 46 U.S.C. 70011, 46 U.S.C. 70051, 46 U.S.C. 70007, 46 U.S.C. 9302, 46 U.S.C. 80301, 14 U.S.C. 319, 46 U.S.C. 70503, 33 U.S.C. 1504, 46 U.S.C. 3507, 46 U.S.C. 70103, 46 U.S.C. 3316, 46 U.S.C. 6308, 33 U.S.C. 2717, Public Law 106-113, 14 U.S.C. 2102, 14 U.S.C. 2103, 14 U.S.C. 2126, 14 U.S.C. 3736, 14 U.S.C. 5112, 14 U.S.C. 2158, 14 U.S.C. 2160, 46 U.S.C. 7511, 14 U.S.C. 2518, 10 U.S.C. 1562a, 10 U.S.C. 1561, 14 U.S.C. 2516, 10 U.S.C. 1561b, 14 U.S.C. 2501, 10 U.S.C. 1564, 46 U.S.C. 70022, 46 U.S.C. 70116, 46 U.S.C. 70118, 46 U.S.C. 70131, 46 U.S.C. 70001, 33 U.S.C. 2701, 33 U.S.C. 2703, 33 U.S.C. 2716, 33 U.S.C. 2712, 33 U.S.C. 2718, 33 U.S.C. 2761, 33 U.S.C. 3028, 33 U.S.C. 4103, 33 U.S.C. 3026, 33 U.S.C. 891, Public Law 106-450, Public Law 102-567, 33 U.S.C. 3008, Public Law 107-372, 33 U.S.C. 3001, 33 U.S.C. 3006, 33 U.S.C. 3041, 30 U.S.C. 3023, 33 U.S.C. 3079-1, Public Law 116-259, 40 U.S.C. 548, 16 U.S.C. 973, 16 U.S.C. 973c, 16 U.S.C. 973d, 16 U.S.C. 973e, 16 U.S.C. 973f, 16 U.S.C. 973g, 16 U.S.C. 973h, 16 U.S.C. 973i, 16 U.S.C. 973j, 16 U.S.C. 973k, 16 U.S.C. 973l, 16 U.S.C. 973m, 16 U.S.C. 973n, 16 U.S.C. 973o, 16 U.S.C. 973p, 43 U.S.C. 1474d, 12 U.S.C. 1701x, Public Law 112-55, 42 U.S.C. 12705d, 12 U.S.C. 24, 12 U.S.C. 338a, 42 U.S.C. 3531, 42 U.S.C. 3547, 49 U.S.C. 5309, 42 U.S.C. 12741, Public Law 101-625, 42 U.S.C. 5402, 42 U.S.C. 5403, 42 U.S.C. 5408, 12 U.S.C. 1703, 42 U.S.C. 5301, 12 U.S.C. 1708, 12 U.S.C. 3338, 12 U.S.C. 3332, 12 U.S.C. 3342, 12 U.S.C. 3350, 12 U.S.C. 3310, 42 U.S.C. 1437u, 42 U.S.C. 1437f, 42 U.S.C. 3533, 42 U.S.C. 12724, 42 U.S.C. 12747, 42 U.S.C. 12745, 42 U.S.C. 12748, 42 U.S.C. 12756, 42 U.S.C. 12753, 42 U.S.C. 12755, 42 U.S.C. 12704, 42 U.S.C. 12773, 42 U.S.C. 12771, 42 U.S.C. 12701, 12 U.S.C. 3702, 42 U.S.C. 1490a, 42 U.S.C. 1471, 42 U.S.C. 1474, 7 U.S.C. 2009, 42 U.S.C. 1490r, 42 U.S.C. 1485, 42 U.S.C. 11378, 42 U.S.C. 11381, 42 U.S.C. 11360, 42 U.S.C. 11301, 42 U.S.C. 11373, 12 U.S.C. 4541, 12 U.S.C. 1709, 42 U.S.C. 1437a, 42 U.S.C. 11313, 5 U.S.C. 415, 42 U.S.C. 8101, 42 U.S.C. 8106, 15 U.S.C. 1639e, 22 U.S.C. 4024, 22 U.S.C. 2658a, 22 U.S.C. 2452b, 22 U.S.C. 2680b, 22 U.S.C. 262p, 33 U.S.C. 535d, 22 U.S.C. 2656f.

10 U.S.C. 7013 Secretary of the Army

  • (a) (1) There is a Secretary of the Army, appointed from civilian life by the… changed · Sec. 111 · see the words

Public Law 116-283 An earlier law, changed directly

10 U.S.C. 8062 United States Navy: composition; functions

  • (b) The naval combat forces of the Navy shall include not less than 11 operational… added to · Sec. 127(1), Sec. 127(2) · see the words

Public Law 114-328 An earlier law, changed directly

Public Law 118-31 An earlier law, changed directly

10 U.S.C. 9062 Policy; composition; aircraft authorization

  • (l) (1) During the period beginning on the date of the enactment of the National… changed · Sec. 136(a) · see the words
  • (m) (1) During the period beginning on the date of the enactment of the National… changed · Sec. 138 · see the words
  • (n) new · Sec. 1511(b) · see the words

Public Law 118-159 An earlier law, changed directly

Public Law 113-291 An earlier law, changed directly

  • §232 changed · Sec. 213 · see the words
  • §1209 changed · Sec. 1213(1), Sec. 1213(2) · see the words
  • §1236 removed · Sec. 1214(1), Sec. 1214(2), Sec. 1214(3), Sec. 1214(4), Sec. 1214(5), Sec. 1214(6) · see the words

Public Law 115-232 An earlier law, changed directly

10 U.S.C. 4842 Joint Defense Manufacturing Technology Panel

  • (b) (1) The Chair of the Joint Defense Manufacturing Technology Panel shall be the… changed · Sec. 220B(a) · see the words

10 U.S.C. 4841 Manufacturing Technology Program

  • (c) Execution.—(1) The Secretary may carry out projects under the program through… moved to (d) · Sec. 220B(a) · see the words
  • (c) new · Sec. 220B(a) · see the words

Public Law 115-91 An earlier law, changed directly

10 U.S.C. 2912 Availability and use of energy cost savings

  • (c) Use of Operational Energy Cost Savings.—The amount that remains available for… added to · Sec. 314(1) · see the words
  • (e) Transfer of Amounts.—(1) The Secretary of Defense may transfer amounts… changed · Sec. 314(2) · see the words
  • (f) new · Sec. 314(3) · see the words

Public Law 117-263 An earlier law, changed directly

New provisions of the bill's own

  • Sec. 2 Organization of Act into divisions; table of contents
  • Sec. 3 Congressional defense committees
  • Sec. 101 Authorization of appropriations
  • Sec. 121 Procurement authority for Columbia-class submarine program
  • Sec. 122 Procurement authorities for Medium Landing Ships
  • Sec. 123 Recapitalization of Navy waterborne security barriers; modification of prohibition on availability of funds for legacy waterborne security barriers
  • Sec. 125 Limitation on availability of funds for TAGOS ship program
  • Sec. 126 Limitation on availability of funds relating to amphibious warfare ship requirement
  • Sec. 132 Bomber aircraft force structure and transition roadmap
  • Sec. 133 Requirement for an intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance roadmap for the Air Force
  • Sec. 135 Plan for open mission systems of F–35 aircraft
  • Sec. 137 Prohibition on retirement of A–10 aircraft
  • Sec. 139 Expansion of air refueler fleet
  • Sec. 140 Requirements relating to C–130 aircraft
  • Sec. 141 Information on future large and oversized air cargo transportation services
  • Sec. 142 Extension of prohibition on certain reductions to B–1 bomber aircraft squadrons
  • Sec. 143 Prohibition on certain reductions to inventory of E–3 airborne warning and control system aircraft
  • Sec. 201 Authorization of appropriations
  • Sec. 211 Modifications to defense research capacity building program
  • Sec. 214 Limitation on use of funds for certain Navy software
  • Sec. 215 Limitation on availability of funds for Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering
  • Sec. 217 Western regional range complex demonstration
  • Sec. 219 Advanced robotic automation for munitions manufacturing
  • Sec. 220 Dual-use and defense advanced manufacturing innovation hubs
  • Sec. 220A Advanced manufacturing and additive manufacturing programs
  • Sec. 220C Limitation on availability of funds for fundamental research collaboration with certain academic institutions
  • Sec. 221 Catalyst Pathfinder Program
  • Sec. 223 Evaluation of additional test corridors for hypersonic and long-range weapons
  • Sec. 225 Congressionally directed programs for test and evaluation oversight
  • Sec. 226 Prohibition on modification of indirect cost rates for institutions of higher education and nonprofit organizations
  • Sec. 227 Enhance international coordination for advanced manufacturing techniques, technologies, and adoption
  • Sec. 231 Biotechnology Management Office
  • Sec. 232 Department of Defense biotechnology strategy
  • Sec. 233 Defining guidelines and policies on the use of biotechnology for the Armed Forces
  • Sec. 234 Enhancement of international biodefense capacity
  • Sec. 311 Department of Defense guidelines regarding implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
  • Sec. 317 Provision of bottled water to communities with private drinking water contaminated with perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from activities of Department of Defense
  • Sec. 320 Interim responses to address releases or threatened releases of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances
  • Sec. 322 Technology enhancement for surface ship maintenance
  • Sec. 323 Delegation to United States Transportation Command of mitigating vulnerabilities and risks associated with contested logistics for Department of Defense

and 510 more, listed in the bill's text.

What the words would change: every change, in place (1615)

Today's wording of each part of the law, with what would be struck out and added. Each change also gives the bill's own instruction, word for word.

  1. 10 U.S.C. 7013(a)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 111

    The bill says: Section 112(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (10 U.S.C. 7013 note; Public Law 118–31) is amended by inserting "2027," after "fiscal years 2025,".

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 7013)

  2. Public Law 116-283repealedby S. 2296 Sec. 124(a)

    The bill says: Section 122 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 134 Stat. 3425) is repealed.

    Bill text

  3. 10 U.S.C. 8062(b)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 127(1)

    (b) (1) The naval combat forces of the Navy shall include not less than 11 operational aircraft carriers and not less than 31 operational amphibious warfare ships, of which not less than 10 shall be amphibious assault ships. For purposes of this subsection, an operational aircraft carrier or amphibious warfare ship includes an aircraft carrier or amphibious warfare ship that is temporarily unavailable for worldwide deployment due to routine or scheduled maintenance or repair.

    The bill says: by inserting "(1)" before "The naval"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 8062)

  4. 10 U.S.C. 8062(b)added (2)by S. 2296 Sec. 127(2)

    (2) For purposes of this subsection, the term temporarily unavailable with respect to an amphibious warfare ship means that the ship has not surpassed its planned availability by a margin of—(A) greater than 100 percent of the nominal duration of that availability in 2026 or 2027;(B) greater than 75 percent of the nominal duration of that availability in 2028 or 2029;(C) greater than 50 percent of the nominal duration of that availability in 2030 or 2031; and(D) greater than 25 percent of the nominal duration of that availability in 2032 or any year thereafter.

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 8062)

  5. Public Law 114-328repealedby S. 2296 Sec. 131(e)

    The bill says: Section 238 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 Stat. 2067) is repealed.

    Bill text

  6. Public Law 118-31renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 134(1)

    The bill says: by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and

    Bill text

  7. Public Law 118-31added (c)by S. 2296 Sec. 134(2)

    (c) Annual reports.— Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026, and not less frequently than once each year thereafter through December 31, 2032, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an annual report on the implementation of the strategy.

    The bill says: by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection (c):

    Bill text

  8. 10 U.S.C. 9062(l)(1)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 136(a)

    (l)(1) During the period beginning on the date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 and ending on September 30, 2029September 30, 2027, the Secretary of the Air Force may not— (A) retire more than 68 F–15E aircraft; (B) reduce funding for unit personnel or weapon system sustainment activities for retained F–15E aircraft in a manner that presumes future congressional…

    The bill says: in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking "September 30, 2029" and inserting "September 30, 2027"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 9062)

  9. 10 U.S.C. 9062(l)(1)(A)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 136(a)

    (A) retire more than 68 F–15E aircraft34 F–15E aircraft;

    The bill says: in subparagraph (A), by striking "68 F–15E aircraft" and inserting "34 F–15E aircraft".

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 9062)

  10. Public Law 118-159removedby S. 2296 Sec. 136(b)

    The bill says: by striking subsection (a);

    Bill text

  11. Public Law 118-159renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 136(b)

    The bill says: by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections (a) and (b), respectively; and

    Bill text

  12. Public Law 118-159changedby S. 2296 Sec. 136(b)

    The bill says: in the section heading, by striking "Prohibition on retirement of F–15E aircraft and".

    Bill text

  13. 10 U.S.C. 9062(m)(1)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 138

    (m)(1) During the period beginning on the date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 and ending on September 30, 2029September 30, 2030, the Secretary of the Air Force may not— (A) retire an RQ–4 aircraft; (B) reduce funding for unit personnel or weapon system sustainment activities for RQ–4 aircraft in a manner that presumes future congressional authority to divest such aircraft; (C) keep an RQ–4 aircraft in a status considered excess to the requirements of the possessing command and awaiting disposition instructions (commonly referred to as "XJ" status); or (D) decrease the total aircraft inventory of RQ–4 aircraft below 10 aircraft.

    The bill says: Section 9062(m)(1) of title 10, United States Code, is amended, in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking "September 30, 2029" and inserting "September 30, 2030".

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 9062)

  14. Public Law 114-328repealedby S. 2296 Sec. 212(b)

    The bill says: Section 233 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 10 U.S.C. 4141 note prec.) is repealed.

    Bill text

  15. Public Law 113-291(e)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 213

    The bill says: Section 232(e) of the Carl Levin and Howard P. "Buck" McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291; 10 U.S.C. 4091 note prec.) is amended by striking "September 30, 2025" and inserting "September 30, 2030".

    Bill text

  16. Public Law 115-232(f)(1)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 216(g)

    The bill says: in paragraph (1), by striking "and on the periodic reviews conducted pursuant to subsection (e)" and inserting ", on the periodic reviews conducted pursuant to subsection (e), and the waivers issued under section 216 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026"; and

    Bill text

  17. Public Law 115-232(f)(2)added (C)by S. 2296 Sec. 216(g)

    (C) With respect to waivers described in paragraph (1), the following:(i) The terms and contents of any waivers issued under section 216 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 in the period covered by the report;(ii) any trends in—(I) the number of waivers issued under such section over time; and(II) the types of contracts to which such waivers pertain; and(iii) the processes used by the Secretary to verify that covered institutions (as defined in such section) are in compliance with the requirements of such section.

    The bill says: in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

    Bill text

  18. Public Law 118-31(b)(1)(A)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 218(1)

    The bill says: in paragraph (1)(A), by striking "the Nevada Test and Training Range, Restricted Area 2508, Warning Area 151/470, Warning Area 386, and the Joint Pacific Alaska Range Complex" and inserting "military special use airspace including all prohibited areas, restricted areas, warning areas, and military operational areas";

    Bill text

  19. Public Law 118-31(b)(2)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 218(2)

    The bill says: in paragraph (2), in the matter before subparagraph (A), by striking "training, and large-scale exercises." and inserting "regular training, and large-scale exercises. Under such processes, approval of Link 16 operations shall be presumed and denial of Link 16 operations shall be accompanied with substantiated evidence demonstrating compromise of safety due to electromagnetic interference."; and

    Bill text

  20. Public Law 118-31(b)(5)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 218(3)

    The bill says: in paragraph (5), by inserting "regular" before "training".

    Bill text

  21. 10 U.S.C. 4842(b)(1)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 220B(a)

    (b)(1) The Chair ofThe Panel shall be co-chaired by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering. the Joint Defense Manufacturing Technology Panel shall be the head of the Panel. The Chair shall be appointed, on a rotating basis, from among the appropriate personnel of the military departments and Defense Agencies with manufacturing technology programs.

    The bill says: Section 4842(b)(1) of title 10, United States Code, is amended by striking "The Chair of" and all that follows through "programs." and inserting the following: "The Panel shall be co-chaired by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering.".

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 4842)

  22. 10 U.S.C. 4841renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 220B(a)

    The bill says: by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 4841)

  23. 10 U.S.C. 4841added (c)by S. 2296 Sec. 220B(a)

    (c) Co-chairs.— The Consortium shall be co-chaired by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering.

    The bill says: by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection (c):

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 4841)

  24. Public Law 116-283(c)(1)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 222

    The bill says: Section 217(c)(1) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 10 U.S.C. 4001 note) is amended, in the matter before subparagraph (A), by striking "December 1, 2025" and inserting "December 1, 2030".

    Bill text

  25. Public Law 118-31renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 224

    The bill says: Chapter 9 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by redesignating the section 222e that was added by section 211 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118–31) as section 222f.

    Bill text

  26. Public Law 115-91changedby S. 2296 Sec. 312

    The bill says: Section 351 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115–91; 32 U.S.C. 501 note) is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking "may" and inserting "shall".

    Bill text

  27. 10 U.S.C. 2912(c)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 314(1)

    (c) Use of Operational Energy Cost Savings.—The amount(1) The amount that remains available for obligation under subsection (a) that relates to operational energy cost savings realized by the Department shall be used for the implementation of additional operational energy resilience, efficiencies, mission assurance, energy conservation, or energy security within the department, agency, or instrumentality that realized that savings.

    The bill says: by striking "The amount" and inserting "(1) The amount";

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 2912)

  28. 10 U.S.C. 2912(c)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 314(1)

    (c) Use of Operational Energy Cost Savings.—The amount that remains available for obligation under subsection (a) that relates to operational energy cost savings realized by the Department shall be used for the implementation of additional operational energyoperational energy initiatives. resilience, efficiencies, mission assurance, energy conservation, or energy security within the department, agency, or instrumentality that realized that savings.

    The bill says: by striking "additional operational energy" and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting "operational energy initiatives."; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 2912)

  29. 10 U.S.C. 2912(c)added (2)by S. 2296 Sec. 314(1)

    (2) The Secretary of Defense shall design operational energy initiatives under paragraph (1) to advance the objectives of the Department in the areas of energy resilience and fuel efficiency.(3) Operational energy initiatives carried out under paragraph (1) may directly contribute to enhanced mission and combat capabilities, fund operational environment training activities, or establish programs to incentivize demonstrable reductions in energy expenditures within the department, agency, or instrumentality credited with achieving the energy cost savings under subsection (a).

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 2912)

  30. 10 U.S.C. 2912(e)(1)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 314(2)

    The bill says: in subsection (e)(1), by striking "The Secretary of Defense may transfer amounts described in subsection (a) that remain available for obligation" and inserting "Not later than 60 days after being notified of amounts described in subsection (a) that remain available for obligation, the Secretary of Defense shall transfer such amounts"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 2912)

  31. 10 U.S.C. 2912added (f)by S. 2296 Sec. 314(3)

    (f) Operational energy cost savings defined.— In this section, the term operational energy cost savings means the monetary savings achieved through measures to reduce energy expenditures relative to the amount that would have been necessary to sustain an equivalent level of capability in the absence of such measures.

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following new subsection:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 2912)

  32. Public Law 117-263(a)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 316(1)

    The bill says: in subsection (a), by striking "if such equipment contains an intentionally added perfluoroalkyl substance or polyfluoroalkyl substance" and inserting "unless such equipment meets the specifications set forth in Standard 1970 of the National Fire Protection Association"; and

    Bill text

  33. Public Law 117-263(d)(1)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 316(2)

    The bill says: in paragraph (1), by striking "does not contain intentionally added perfluoroalkyl substances or polyfluoroalkyl substances" and inserting "meets the specifications set forth in Standard 1970 of the National Fire Protection Association"; and

    Bill text

  34. Public Law 117-263(d)(2)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 316(2)

    The bill says: in paragraph (2), by striking "does not contain intentionally added perfluoroalkyl substances or polyfluoroalkyl substances" and inserting "meets the specifications set forth in Standard 1970 of the National Fire Protection Association".

    Bill text

  35. Public Law 116-283repealedby S. 2296 Sec. 318

    The bill says: Section 333 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 10 U.S.C. 3062 note) is repealed.

    Bill text

  36. Public Law 117-81repealedby S. 2296 Sec. 319

    The bill says: Section 343 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 10 U.S.C. 2701 note) is repealed.

    Bill text

  37. Public Law 118-31(a)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 325(1)

    The bill says: in subsection (a), by striking "September 30, 2026" and inserting "September 30, 2028"; and

    Bill text

  38. Public Law 118-31(b)added (6)by S. 2296 Sec. 325(2)

    (6) Details regarding the maintenance and service life extension plan for the amphibious warship that retains an operationally available amphibious warship until the end of the Obligation and Work Limiting Date for the construction contract for a replacement amphibious warship, as necessary to meet the requirements under section 8062 of title 10, United States Code.

    The bill says: in subsection (b), by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

    Bill text

  39. Public Law 117-81(c)(2)(A)addedby S. 2296 Sec. 331

    The bill says: Section 355(c)(2)(A) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117–81; 10 U.S.C. 8013 note) is amended by inserting before the semicolon the following: ", and the incorporation of digital infrastructure (including hardware, software, and cloud storage) and platforms into such program".

    Bill text

  40. 10 U.S.C. 482(b)(8)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 332

    The bill says: Section 482(b)(8) of title 10, United States Code, is amended by striking "Class A, Class B, and Class C mishaps" and inserting "Class A and Class B mishaps, and a summary count of all Class C mishaps,".

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 482)

  41. 10 U.S.C. 130i(a)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(1)

    The bill says: by striking "any provision of title 18" and inserting "sections 32, 1030, and 1367 and chapters 119 and 206 of title 18"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  42. 10 U.S.C. 130i(a)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(1)

    The bill says: by striking "officers and civilian employees" and inserting "officers, civilian employees, and contractors";

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  43. 10 U.S.C. 130i(b)(1)(A)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(2)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (A), by striking "Detect" and inserting "During the operation of the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft, detect"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  44. 10 U.S.C. 130i(b)(1)(B)addedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(2)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (B), by inserting before the period at the end the following: ", including through the use of remote identification broadcast or other means";

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  45. 10 U.S.C. 130i(c)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(3)

    The bill says: by striking "Any unmanned" and inserting "(1) Any unmanned"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  46. 10 U.S.C. 130i(c)added (2)by S. 2296 Sec. 350(3)

    (2) Any forfeiture conducted under paragraph (1) shall be made subject to the requirements for civil, criminal, or administrative forfeiture, as the case may be, under applicable law or regulation.

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  47. 10 U.S.C. 130i(d)added (3)by S. 2296 Sec. 350(4)

    (3)(A) The Secretary of Defense shall ensure that the regulations prescribed or guidance issued under paragraph (1) require that, when taking an action described in subsection (a)(1), all due consideration is given to—(i) mitigating impacts on privacy and civil liberties under the First and Fourth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States;(ii) mitigating damage to, or loss of, real and personal property;(iii) mitigating any risk of personal injury or death; and(iv) when practicable, obtaining the identification of or issuing a warning to the operator of an unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft prior to taking action under subparagraphs (C) through (F) of subsection (b)(1), unless doing so would—(I) endanger the safety of members of the armed forces or civilians;(II) create a flight risk or result in the destruction of evidence; or(III) seriously jeopardize an investigation, criminal proceeding, or legal proceeding pursuant to subsection (c).(B) Nothing in this paragraph may be construed to limit the inherent right to self defense of a member of the armed forces.

    The bill says: in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  48. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    The bill says: by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  49. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)(2)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    The bill says: in paragraph (2), by striking "a function of the Department of Defense" and inserting "an action described in subsection (b)(1)";

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  50. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    (3) records of such communications are maintained only for as long as necessary, and in no event for more than 180 days unless the Secretary of Defense determines that maintenance of such records—(A) is necessary to investigate or prosecute a violation of law or to directly support an ongoing security operation; or(B) is required under Federal law or for the purpose of any litigation;

    The bill says: by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  51. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)(4)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    The bill says: by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  52. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)(4)(B)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (B), by striking "; or" and inserting a semicolon;

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  53. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)(4)renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    The bill says: by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (D);

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  54. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)(4)added (C)by S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    (C) is necessary to support the counter unmanned aircraft systems activities of another Federal agency with authority to mitigate the threat of unmanned aircraft systems or unmanned aircraft in mitigating such threats; or

    The bill says: by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following new subparagraph:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  55. 10 U.S.C. 130i(e)(4)(D)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(5)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (D), as redesignated by clause (iii), by striking the period at the end and inserting "; and";

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  56. 10 U.S.C. 130irenumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(6)

    The bill says: by redesignating subsections (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j) as subsections (g), (h), (j), (k), (l), respectively;

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  57. 10 U.S.C. 130iadded (f)by S. 2296 Sec. 350(7)

    (f) Claims.— Claims for loss of property, injury, or death pursuant to actions under subsection (b) may be made consistent with chapter 171 of title 28, and chapter 163 of this title, as applicable.

    The bill says: by inserting after subsection (e) the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  58. 10 U.S.C. 130i(h)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(8)

    The bill says: in subsection (h), as redesignated by paragraph (6), by striking "March 1, 2018" and inserting "March 1, 2026";

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  59. 10 U.S.C. 130iadded (i)by S. 2296 Sec. 350(9)

    (i) Annual report.—(1) Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this subsection, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees and publish on a publicly available website a report summarizing all detection and mitigation activities conducted under this section during the previous year to counter unmanned aircraft systems.(2) Each report under paragraph (1) shall include—(A) information on any violation of, or failure to comply with, this section by personnel authorized to conduct detection and mitigation activities, including a description of any such violation or failure;(B) data on the number of detection activities conducted, the number of mitigation activities conducted, and the number of instances of communications interception from an unmanned aircraft system;(C) whether any unmanned aircraft that experienced mitigation was engaged in or attempting to engage in activities protected under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States;(D) whether any unmanned aircraft or unmanned aircraft system was properly or improperly seized, disabled, damaged, or destroyed and an identification of any methods used to seize, disable, damage, or destroy such aircraft or system; and(E) a description of the efforts of the Federal Government to protect privacy and civil liberties when carrying out detection and mitigation activities under this section to counter unmanned aircraft systems.(3) Each report required under paragraph (1) shall be submitted and published in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

    The bill says: by inserting after subsection (h), as so redesignated, the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  60. 10 U.S.C. 130ichangedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(10)

    The bill says: by striking subsection (k), as so redesignated, and inserting the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  61. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(1)(B)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (B), by inserting "the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs," after "the Committee on the Judiciary,"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  62. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(1)(C)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (C), by inserting "the Committee on Homeland Security," after "the Committee on the Judiciary,"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  63. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(3)(C)renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    The bill says: in subparagraph (C), by redesignating clauses (i) through (ix) as subclauses (I) through (IX), respectively, and moving those subclauses, as so redesignated, two ems to the right;

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  64. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(3)renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    The bill says: by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) as clauses (i), (ii), and (iii), respectively, and moving those clauses, as so redesignated, two ems to the right; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  65. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(3)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    The bill says: in the matter preceding clause (i), as redesignated by clause (ii), by striking "means any facility or asset that—" and inserting “means—

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  66. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(3)(iii)(VIII)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    The bill says: in subclause (VIII), as redesignated by clause (i), by striking "; or" and inserting a semicolon;

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  67. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(3)(iii)(IX)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    The bill says: in subclause (IX), as so redesignated, by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  68. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(3)(iii)added (X)by S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    (X) protection of the buildings, grounds, and property to which the public are not permitted regular, unrestricted access and that are under the jurisdiction, custody, or control of the Department of Defense and the persons on that property pursuant to section 2672 of this title;(XI) assistance to Federal, State, or local officials in responding to incidents involving nuclear, radiological, biological, or chemical weapons, high-yield explosives, or related materials or technologies, as well as support pursuant to section 282 of this title or the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq); or(XII) activities listed in section 2692(b) of this title; or

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following new subclauses:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  69. 10 U.S.C. 130i(l)(3)added (B)by S. 2296 Sec. 350(11)

    (B) any personnel associated with a facility or asset specified under subparagraph (A) while engaged in direct support of a mission of the Department of Defense specified in clause (iii) of such subparagraph.

    The bill says: by adding at the end the following:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 130i)

  70. 10 U.S.C. 526(a)(3)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 501(1)

    The bill says: in paragraph (3), by striking "171" and inserting "168"; and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 526)

  71. 10 U.S.C. 526(a)(5)changedby S. 2296 Sec. 501(2)

    The bill says: in paragraph (5), by striking "21" and inserting "24".

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 526)

  72. 10 U.S.C. 7037added (f)by S. 2296 Sec. 502(a)

    (f) If the Judge Advocate General is removed from office before the end of the term of the Judge Advocate General as specified in subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall, not later than five days before the removal takes effect, submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives notice that the Judge Advocate General is being removed and a statement of the reason for the removal.

    The bill says: Section 7037 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 7037)

  73. 10 U.S.C. 8088added (f)by S. 2296 Sec. 502(b)

    (f) If the Judge Advocate General is removed from office before the end of the term of the Judge Advocate General as specified in subsection (b), the Secretary of Defense shall, not later than five days before the removal takes effect, submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives notice that the Judge Advocate General is being removed and a statement of the reason for the removal.

    The bill says: Section 8088 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 8088)

  74. 10 U.S.C. 9037added (g)by S. 2296 Sec. 502(c)

    (g) If the Judge Advocate General is removed from office before the end of the term of the Judge Advocate General as specified in subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall, not later than five days before the removal takes effect, submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives notice that the Judge Advocate General is being removed and a statement of the reason for the removal.

    The bill says: Section 9037 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 9037)

  75. 10 U.S.C. 806renumberedby S. 2296 Sec. 503(a)

    The bill says: by redesignating subsections (a) through (d) as subsections (b) through (e), respectively;

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 806)

  76. 10 U.S.C. 806added (a)by S. 2296 Sec. 503(a)

    (a)(1) Judge advocates subject to this chapter must be—(A) admitted to the practice of law before the highest court of a State, Territory, Commonwealth, or the District of Columbia, and maintain an active license to practice before such court;(B) subject to the jurisdiction’s disciplinary review process; and(C) in compliance with such other requirements as the cognizant authority has set to remain eligible to practice law.(2) The Judge Advocates General of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard and the Staff Judge Advocate to the Commandant of the Marine Corps may suspend the authority of judge advocates in their respective services to perform legal duties if such officers become noncompliant with the requirements in paragraph (1). Judge advocates and legal officers suspended or disbarred from the practice of law within a jurisdiction shall not perform legal duties.

    The bill says: by inserting before subsection (b), as redesignated by paragraph (1), the following new subsection:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 806)

  77. 10 U.S.C. 827(b)rewrittenby S. 2296 Sec. 503(a)

    The bill says: Section 827(b) of title 10, United States Code (article 27(b) of the Uniform Code of Military Justice) is amended by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 827)

  78. 10 U.S.C. 824a(b)(1)rewrittenby S. 2296 Sec. 503(a)

    The bill says: Section 824a(b)(1) of title 10, United States Code (article 24a(b)(1) of the Uniform Code of Military Justice) is amended by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 824a)

  79. 10 U.S.C. 619a(b)(3)removedby S. 2296 Sec. 504(1)

    The bill says: by striking subparagraph (A); and

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 619a)

  80. 10 U.S.C. 618(d)added (3)by S. 2296 Sec. 505(a)

    (3) The Secretary of Defense shall notify the congressional defense committees of the removal of the name of an officer from the report of a selection board by the President or the Secretary or Deputy Secretary of Defense under paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), respectively, for any reason other than misconduct—(A) not later than 30 days after the name of an officer is removed; and(B) prior to submission to the Senate of a promotion list with respect to such report pursuant to section 624(c) of this title.

    The bill says: Section 618(d) of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

    Bill text · Current law (10 U.S.C. 618)

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From the bill's official text on GovInfo and the U.S. Code, 2024 edition, which may not yet show changes made since.

What it does

Sourced

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026

This bill sets forth policies and authorities for FY2026 for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, military construction, and the national security programs of the Department of Energy (DOE). It also authorizes the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board for FY2026. The bill authorizes appropriations but it does not provide budget authority, which is provided by appropriations legislation.

Among other elements, the bill

• authorizes the procurement of various items, including aircraft, ships, and missiles;

• authorizes active duty and reserve component personnel strength levels;

• authorizes specified military construction projects and extends the authorization of certain projects from previous fiscal years;

• requires DOD to develop a strategy on the national security implications of emerging biotechnologies;

• requires the Navy to implement certain processes to improve the material condition and combat readiness of Navy surface ships maintained and repaired at private shipyards;

• extends the Pacific Deterrence Initiative (an initiative to enhance U.S. deterrence and defense posture, assure allies and partners, and increase capability and readiness in the Indo-Pacific region) through FY2026; and

• repeals various statutory provisions related to diversity, equity, and inclusion within DOD, including a provision establishing the position of Chief Diversity Officer of DOD.

For additional information on the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) see

• In Focus IF10516, Defense Primer: Navigating the NDAA, and

• In Focus IF10515, Defense Primer: The NDAA Process.

Official summary by the Congressional Research Service (Reported to Senate, Jul 15, 2025).

Our plain-language breakdown, with what it means for you and the case for and against, is written once a bill starts to move.

What has happened

Sourced
  1. Oct 9, 2025Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate under the order of 10/9/2025, having achieved 60 votes in the affirmative, with an amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 77 - 20. Record Vote Number: 570. Roll call recordLibrary of Congress
  2. Jul 15, 2025Committee on Armed Services. Original measure reported to Senate by Senator Wicker. With written report No. 119-39.Library of Congress
  3. Jul 15, 2025Introduced in SenateLibrary of Congress

Show all 35 recorded actions

Recorded votes

Sourced
  1. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateBill Passed 77–20
    On Passage of the Bill · needed three-fifths
    R 50 yes, 1 noI 1 yes, 1 noD 26 yes, 18 noEach member · Record
11 other recorded votes (procedure and amendments)
  1. Sep 2, 2025 · SenateCloture on the Motion to Proceed Agreed to 84–14
    On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed · needed three-fifths
    R 49 yes, 2 noI 1 yes, 1 noD 34 yes, 11 noEach member · Record
  2. Sep 4, 2025 · SenateMotion to Proceed Agreed to 83–13
    On the Motion to Proceed · needed a majority
    R 48 yes, 1 noI 1 yes, 1 noD 34 yes, 11 noEach member · Record
  3. Sep 10, 2025 · SenateMotion to Table Agreed to 51–49
    On the Motion to Table · needed a majority
    R 51 yes, 2 noI 0 yes, 2 noD 0 yes, 45 noEach member · Record
  4. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 14–83
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 6 yes, 45 noI 1 yes, 1 noD 7 yes, 37 noEach member · Record
  5. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 53–43
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 44 yes, 6 noI 1 yes, 1 noD 8 yes, 36 noEach member · Record
  6. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 51–46
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 48 yes, 3 noI 0 yes, 2 noD 3 yes, 41 noEach member · Record
  7. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 46–50
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 0 yes, 50 noI 2 yes, 0 noD 44 yes, 0 noEach member · Record
  8. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 47–50
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 1 yes, 50 noI 2 yes, 0 noD 44 yes, 0 noEach member · Record
  9. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 46–52
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 0 yes, 52 noI 2 yes, 0 noD 44 yes, 0 noEach member · Record
  10. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 10–88
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 0 yes, 52 noI 1 yes, 1 noD 9 yes, 35 noEach member · Record
  11. Oct 9, 2025 · SenateAmendment Rejected 47–50
    On the Amendment · needed three-fifths
    R 1 yes, 50 noI 2 yes, 0 noD 44 yes, 0 noEach member · Record