For you
Shoppers and drivers
What our breakdowns say each bill would mean for you, from groups whose heading contains goods
, imported
, car
, drive
, e-bike
, e-scooter
, shop
or CBD
. Newest official action first.
10 bills61 points
H.R. 5334
Latest official action Sep 18, 2026 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review by two people
If you buy goods made in other countries
New tariffs on Russian goods and on goods from top buyers of Russian oil and gas
- The President must raise the tariff on all goods from Russia, to a rate of up to 500 percent of their value.
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imported into the United States from the Russian Federation to a rate of up to 500 percent ad valorem
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 112(a) - The President must also raise tariffs, up to 100 percent, on all goods from a country that was one of the 5 biggest buyers of Russian oil or gas in the 12 months before the law.
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increase the rate of duty for all goods imported into the United States from a country described in subsection (c) (and only from a country described in subsection (c)) to a rate of up to 100 percent ad valorem
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(a)was among the 5 largest importers, by total volume, of crude oil or natural gas that originated in the Russian Federation during the most recent 12-month period preceding the date of the enactment of this Act
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(c)(1)(B) - That country must also have knowingly made new purchases starting 30 days after the law.
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knowingly made new purchases of crude oil or natural gas that originated in the Russian Federation on a date that is on or after 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(c)(1)(A) - The same tariff covers goods from the top 5 countries that helped Russian oil get around sanctions in those 12 months.
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was among the top 5 countries facilitating Russian oil sanctions evasion during the most recent 12-month period preceding the date of the enactment of this Act
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(c)(2) - These tariffs come on top of any other tariffs on the same goods.
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shall be in addition to any other duty, fee, tax, exaction, or charge applicable with respect to the good
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(f) - Every 180 days, the U.S. Trade Representative must find the top 5 buyers of Russian crude oil and the top 5 buyers of Russian natural gas, and tariff their goods.
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Not later than 180 days after the initial imposition of duties under subsection (a), and every 180 days thereafter, the United States Trade Representative
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(e)the 5 largest importers of crude oil, by total volume, originating in the Russian Federation
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(e)(1)(A)the 5 largest importers of natural gas, by total volume, originating in the Russian Federation
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(e)(1)(B)impose duties pursuant to subsection (a) with respect to goods imported from those countries
[6] H.R. 5334 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. A, Sec. 113(e)(2)
Read the full breakdown of H.R. 5334
H.R. 1869
Latest official action Sep 14, 2026 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review
If you buy imported goods
A focus on fakes and unsafe products
Read the full breakdown of H.R. 1869
H.R. 6500
Latest official action Sep 2, 2026 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review
If you drive, ride transit, or work on roads
Highway and transit programs continue until December 11, 2026
- Federal highway, transit, and road safety programs keep going until December 11, 2026.
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This section extends federal highway, transit, and road safety programs of the Department of Transportation through December 11, 2026.
[1] Official bill status record for H.R. 6500 · CRS summary (Public Law), Sec. 3101 - Programs are authorized a share of their 2026 amounts, based on the days in the extension divided by 365.
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the number of days in the extension period; by
[2] H.R. 6500 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. C, Sec. 3002(3)365
[2] H.R. 6500 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. C, Sec. 3002(3)(B)an amount equal to the extension fraction of the amount authorized for appropriation with respect to the program from such account under the covered laws for fiscal year 2026
[2] H.R. 6500 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. C, Sec. 3101(b)(1)(A) - Some highway grant money that would have lapsed on September 30, 2026, can now be used until September 30, 2027.
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that would otherwise lapse on September 30, 2026, shall be available until September 30, 2027
[2] H.R. 6500 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. C, Sec. 3104(a)
If you import goods or buy imported clothing
Trade breaks run through 2028, and customs fees through March 31, 2032
- Duty-free treatment for most goods from eligible countries in sub-Saharan Africa runs through December 31, 2028.
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This section extends through December 31, 2028, trade preferences that provide duty-free access to the U.S. market for most exports from eligible countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
[1] Official bill status record for H.R. 6500 · CRS summary (Public Law), Sec. 2008 - Special duty-free rules for some clothing from Haiti also run through December 31, 2028.
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This section extends through December 31, 2028, the special duty-free rules for various apparel products imported from Haiti.
[1] Official bill status record for H.R. 6500 · CRS summary (Public Law), Sec. 2009 - Customs user fees, including merchandise processing fees, can be charged until March 31, 2032.
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This section extends various customs user fees through March 31, 2032, including certain rates for merchandise processing fees.
[1] Official bill status record for H.R. 6500 · CRS summary (Public Law), Sec. 2010
Read the full breakdown of H.R. 6500
S. 2677
Latest official action Aug 10, 2026 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review
If you shop online
More data could be used to catch fake goods at the border
- Customs could pass along data from online stores and shippers to help spot fakes.
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may provide to the person nonpublic information about the merchandise that was generated by an online marketplace or other similar market platform, express consignment operator, freight forwarder, or any other entity that plays a role in the sale or importation of merchandise
[2] Engrossed in Senate (August 7, 2026) · Sec. 1(1)(D) → inserted (3)that has been provided to, shared with, or obtained by U.S. Customs and Border Protection
[2] Engrossed in Senate (August 7, 2026) · Sec. 1(1)(D) → inserted (3) - The sponsors say fake goods can put people's safety at risk.
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Counterfeit products brought over our borders hurt American small businesses and can put people's safety at risk,
[6] Senate Judiciary Committee press release: Senate Unanimously Passes Grassley-Hassan Bill to Combat Counterfeit Imports (Aug. 10, 2026) · Aug. 10, 2026, Sen. Hassan
Read the full breakdown of S. 2677
S. 2
Latest official action Jun 10, 2026 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review by two people
If you cross the border or ship goods through a port of entry
Money for inspection and surveillance technology
- CBP gets $3.45 billion for border technology, air and marine craft, and fighting drug smuggling.
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to remain available until September 30, 2029, $3,450,000,000 for the following
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(a)Air and Marine operations’ upgrading and procurement of new platforms for rapid air and marine response capabilities.
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(a)(2)Enhancing border security by combating drug trafficking, including fentanyl and its precursor chemicals
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(a)(5) - This includes new inspection gear at ports of entry, including tools that use artificial intelligence.
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Procurement and integration of new nonintrusive inspection equipment and associated civil works, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, and other innovative technologies, as well as other mission support, to combat the entry or exit of illicit narcotics at ports of entry
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(a)(1) - It also pays to set up technology for the biometric entry and exit system.
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Necessary expenses, including the deployment of technology, relating to the biometric entry and exit system
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(a)(4) - This $3.45 billion cannot buy or set up surveillance towers on the southwest and northern borders unless CBP has tested and accepted them as autonomous.
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to remain available until September 30, 2029, $3,450,000,000 for the following
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(a)None of the funds made available under subsection (a) may be used for the procurement or deployment of surveillance towers along the southwest border and northern border that have not been tested and accepted by U.S. Customs and Border Protection to deliver autonomous capabilities.
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(b) - That means the towers can spot and track things in real time and adjust on their own, without constant human control.
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detect, identify, classify, and track items of interest in real time such that the system can make operational adjustments without the active engagement of personnel or continuous human command or control
[2] Enrolled Bill · Sec. 103(c)
Read the full breakdown of S. 2
H.J.Res. 72
Latest official action Feb 12, 2026 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review by two people
If you buy goods made in Canada
The tariffs tied to this emergency have already ended
- At first, the order set an extra 25 percent tariff on goods from Canada. Energy got 10 percent.
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subject to an additional 25 percent ad valorem rate of duty
[14] Executive Order 14193 of February 1, 2025, Imposing Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (90 FR 9113, February 7, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)With respect to energy or energy resources
[14] Executive Order 14193 of February 1, 2025, Imposing Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (90 FR 9113, February 7, 2025) · Sec. 2(b)subject to an additional 10 percent ad valorem rate of duty
[14] Executive Order 14193 of February 1, 2025, Imposing Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (90 FR 9113, February 7, 2025) · Sec. 2(b) - Later orders left out goods that can enter duty-free under the USMCA trade deal, and cut the rate on potash to 10 percent. They also raised the 25 percent rate to 35 percent on August 1, 2025.
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do not apply to articles that are products of Canada that qualify for duty-free entry under the Agreement between the United States of America, United Mexican States, and Canada (USMCA)
[15] Executive Order 14325 of July 31, 2025, Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (90 FR 37957, August 6, 2025) · Sec. 1I reduced the additional ad valorem rate of duty on potash from 25 percent to 10 percent
[15] Executive Order 14325 of July 31, 2025, Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (90 FR 37957, August 6, 2025) · Sec. 1the additional ad valorem rate of duty shall increase from 25 percent to 35 percent
[15] Executive Order 14325 of July 31, 2025, Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (90 FR 37957, August 6, 2025) · Sec. 1on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on August 1, 2025
[15] Executive Order 14325 of July 31, 2025, Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (90 FR 37957, August 6, 2025) · Sec. 2(b) - On February 20, 2026, the President ordered that the tariffs "shall no longer be in effect."
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Executive Order 14389 of February 20, 2026
[17] Executive Order 14389 of February 20, 2026, Ending Certain Tariff Actions (91 FR 9437, February 25, 2026) · Headingthe additional ad valorem duties imposed pursuant to IEEPA in Executive Order 14193, as amended
[17] Executive Order 14389 of February 20, 2026, Ending Certain Tariff Actions (91 FR 9437, February 25, 2026) · Sec. 1shall no longer be in effect and, as soon as practicable, shall no longer be collected
[17] Executive Order 14389 of February 20, 2026, Ending Certain Tariff Actions (91 FR 9437, February 25, 2026) · Sec. 1 - He kept the emergency itself. This resolution would end that emergency.
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The national emergencies declared or described in Executive Order 14193
[17] Executive Order 14389 of February 20, 2026, Ending Certain Tariff Actions (91 FR 9437, February 25, 2026) · Sec. 1remain in effect and shall not be affected by this order
[17] Executive Order 14389 of February 20, 2026, Ending Certain Tariff Actions (91 FR 9437, February 25, 2026) · Sec. 1in Executive Order 14193 (25 Fed. Reg. 02406), is hereby terminated
[3] Engrossed in House (February 11, 2026) · Resolving clause - Duties under other laws are not part of this emergency. The order that ended its tariffs left in place duties under section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 and section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974.
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This order does not affect any other duties, including duties imposed under section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, as amended, 19 U.S.C. 1862, and section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended, 19 U.S.C. 2411.
[17] Executive Order 14389 of February 20, 2026, Ending Certain Tariff Actions (91 FR 9437, February 25, 2026) · Sec. 2(d) - In July 2026, the President also set duties on some goods from Canada, such as wine and beer, under another law: section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930.
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Proclamation 11046 of July 20, 2026
[27] Proclamation 11046 of July 20, 2026, Imposing Additional Duties To Offset Canadian Discrimination Against the Commerce of the United States With Respect to Alcoholic Beverages (91 FR 46639) · HeadingSection 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1338) (section 338) empowers the President to, among other things, impose duties on imports of a foreign country
[27] Proclamation 11046 of July 20, 2026, Imposing Additional Duties To Offset Canadian Discrimination Against the Commerce of the United States With Respect to Alcoholic Beverages (91 FR 46639) · Para. 1Imposing Additional Duties To Offset Canadian Discrimination Against the Commerce of the United States With Respect to Alcoholic Beverages
[27] Proclamation 11046 of July 20, 2026, Imposing Additional Duties To Offset Canadian Discrimination Against the Commerce of the United States With Respect to Alcoholic Beverages (91 FR 46639) · Titledistilled spirits, wine, beer, and other alcoholic beverages
[27] Proclamation 11046 of July 20, 2026, Imposing Additional Duties To Offset Canadian Discrimination Against the Commerce of the United States With Respect to Alcoholic Beverages (91 FR 46639) · Para. 3
Read the full breakdown of H.J.Res. 72
H.R. 5371
Latest official action Nov 12, 2025 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review by two people
If you buy hemp or CBD products
New limits start one year after the law
- The changes take effect 365 days after the law was signed.
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Effective 365 days after the enactment of this Act, Section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1639o) is amended
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781 - Then, a finished product with more than 0.4 milligrams per container of THC and similar substances will no longer count as hemp under federal law.
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greater than 0.4 milligrams combined total per container of
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (1)(C)(iv)(III)total tetrahydrocannabinols (including tetrahydrocannabinolic acid); and
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (1)(C)(iv)(III)(aa)any other cannabinoids that have similar effects (or are marketed to have similar effects) on humans or animals as a tetrahydrocannabinol (as determined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services).
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (1)(C)(iv)(III)(bb) - Products with cannabinoids made outside the plant, or ones the plant cannot make, will not count either.
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cannabinoids that are not capable of being naturally produced by a Cannabis sativa L. plant;
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (1)(C)(iv)(I)were synthesized or manufactured outside the plant; or
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (1)(C)(iv)(II)(bb) - Hemp grown for fiber, grain, oil, or seeds still counts as hemp.
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Such term includes industrial hemp.
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (1)(B)grown for the use of the stalk of the plant, fiber produced from such a stalk
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (2)(A)grown for the use of the whole grain, oil, cake, nut, hull
[5] H.R. 5371 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Div. B, Sec. 781(2) → inserted (2)(B)
Read the full breakdown of H.R. 5371
H.R. 1
Latest official action Jul 4, 2025 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review by two people
If you buy a new car with a loan
You may deduct up to $10,000 a year of interest
- The loan must be taken out after December 31, 2024, for a new vehicle for personal use, and the vehicle must back the loan.
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on indebtedness incurred by the taxpayer after December 31, 2024, for the purchase of, and that is secured by a first lien on, an applicable passenger vehicle for personal use.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(B)(i)the original use of which commences with the taxpayer,
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(D)(i) - The vehicle's final assembly must be in the United States, leases do not count, and you must put the vehicle identification number (VIN) on your return.
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Such term shall not include any vehicle the final assembly of which did not occur within the United States.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(D)Any lease financing.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(B)(ii)(III)Interest shall not be treated as qualified passenger vehicle loan interest under this paragraph unless the taxpayer includes the vehicle identification number of the applicable passenger vehicle described in clause (i) on the return of tax for the taxable year.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(B)(iii) - The deduction is capped at $10,000 a year and shrinks by $200 for each $1,000 of income above $100,000, or $200,000 on a joint return.
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The amount of interest taken into account by a taxpayer under subparagraph (B) for any taxable year shall not exceed $10,000.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(C)(i)by $200 for each $1,000 (or portion thereof) by which the modified adjusted gross income of the taxpayer for the taxable year exceeds $100,000 ($200,000 in the case of a joint return).
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(C)(ii)(I) - You can take it even if you do not itemize.
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so much of the deduction allowed by section 163(a) as is attributable to the exception under section 163(h)(4)(A).
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(b) → inserted (7) - It covers only tax years that begin after December 31, 2024 and before January 1, 2029.
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In the case of taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024, and before January 1, 2029, for purposes of this subsection the term personal interest shall not include qualified passenger vehicle loan interest.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70203(a) → inserted (4)(A)
If you were planning an electric car, solar panels or home energy upgrades
Several tax credits end early
- The credits for new and used electric cars end for vehicles bought after September 30, 2025.
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Section 30D(h) is amended by striking placed in service after December 31, 2032 and inserting acquired after September 30, 2025.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70502(a)Section 25E(g) is amended by striking December 31, 2032 and inserting September 30, 2025.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70501 - The credit for home energy upgrades ends for items placed in service after December 31, 2025.
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Section 25C(h) is amended by striking placed in service and all that follows through December 31, 2032 and inserting placed in service after December 31, 2025.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70505(a) - The credit for home solar and other clean energy ends for money spent after December 31, 2025.
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Section 25D(h) is amended by striking to property placed in service after December 31, 2034 and inserting with respect to any expenditures made after December 31, 2025.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70506(a) - The credit for EV chargers ends after June 30, 2026.
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Section 30C(i) is amended by striking December 31, 2032 and inserting June 30, 2026.
[6] H.R. 1 as passed by both chambers (enrolled) · Sec. 70504
Read the full breakdown of H.R. 1
H.J.Res. 88
Latest official action Jun 12, 2025 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review by two people
If you plan to buy a new car
Congress voided the EPA notice of the waiver for a zero-emission sales rule
- The waiver covered California's rules for new cars, SUVs, pickups, and vans, starting with model year 2026.
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for regulations applicable to new 2026 and subsequent model year (MY) California on-road light- and medium-duty vehicles
[6] EPA notice of decision on California's Advanced Clean Cars II waiver, 90 Fed. Reg. 642 (January 6, 2025), FR Doc. 2024-31128 · Supplementary information - Those rules said automakers must sell a rising share of zero-emission cars over time.
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a requirement for vehicle manufacturers to sell increasing percentages of ZEVs beginning with the 2026 MY
[6] EPA notice of decision on California's Advanced Clean Cars II waiver, 90 Fed. Reg. 642 (January 6, 2025), FR Doc. 2024-31128 · Supplementary information, page 643 - Lawmakers on both sides said the share was 35 percent in 2026 and 100 percent by 2035.
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The requirement begins with 35 percent of the vehicles sold in 2026 being zero emissions and then scales up to 100 percent of vehicles sold by 2035.
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1749, Rep. Griffith (R-VA)For model year 2026, ACC II States would require 35 percent of new car sales to be a mix of electric or plug-in hybrid
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1752, Rep. Dingell (D-MI)That requirement jumps to 68 percent by 2030 and 100 percent by 2035 for the ZEV mandate States.
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1752, Rep. Dingell (D-MI) - Plug-in hybrids could count for up to 20 percent of the requirement.
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Manufacturers can meet up to 20 percent of their sales requirements using plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) that meet specified requirements.
[6] EPA notice of decision on California's Advanced Clean Cars II waiver, 90 Fed. Reg. 642 (January 6, 2025), FR Doc. 2024-31128 · Supplementary information, page 643 - The resolution itself does not ban or require any type of car.
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That Congress disapproves the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision (90 Fed. Reg. 642 (January 6, 2025)), and such rule shall have no force or effect.
[5] H.J. Res. 88 as passed by both chambers (enrolled), signed as Public Law 119-16 · Text of the resolution
If you live in a state that adopted California's car rules
Your state's version relies on California's waiver
- Other states may use California's car rules only if they match ones that have a waiver.
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such standards are identical to the California standards for which a waiver has been granted for such model year
[23] 42 U.S.C. 7507, U.S. Code 2024 edition (Clean Air Act section 177: other states adopting California standards) · (1) - Lawmakers gave different counts of these states.
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Right now, we have 11 States opting in to this California standard: Oregon, Washington, New York, Massachusetts, Vermont, Colorado, New Jersey, Delaware, Rhode Island, New Mexico, and Maryland.
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1749, Rep. Griffith (R-VA)Consumers in these other 13 ZEV mandate States need to be talking to their Governors
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1752, Rep. Dingell (D-MI)17 other States, making up 40 percent of the American auto market, are set to adopt these regulations
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1752, Rep. Joyce (R-PA) - Rep. Morgan Griffith (R-VA) named 11. They are Oregon, Washington, New York, Massachusetts, Vermont, Colorado, New Jersey, Delaware, Rhode Island, New Mexico, and Maryland.
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Right now, we have 11 States opting in to this California standard: Oregon, Washington, New York, Massachusetts, Vermont, Colorado, New Jersey, Delaware, Rhode Island, New Mexico, and Maryland.
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1749, Rep. Griffith (R-VA) - Rep. Debbie Dingell (D-MI) spoke of 13, and Rep. John Joyce (R-PA) said 17 were set to adopt the rules.
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Consumers in these other 13 ZEV mandate States need to be talking to their Governors
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1752, Rep. Dingell (D-MI)17 other States, making up 40 percent of the American auto market, are set to adopt these regulations
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1752, Rep. Joyce (R-PA) - Rep. Frank Pallone (D-NJ) said Maryland had changed the rules. Griffith said Virginia opted in, then out.
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Maryland has modified the standards.
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1750, Rep. Pallone (D-NJ)Some States have opted in to the California rule on this one and then opted out, including my State of Virginia.
[8] Congressional Record, House debate on H.J. Res. 88, April 30, 2025 (H1748-H1755) · H1755, Rep. Griffith (R-VA) - Sen. Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV) said Washington, D.C., had adopted them too.
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vehicles sold in that State, Washington, DC, and 11 other States that have adopted California's standard
[13] Congressional Record, Senate debate on H.J. Res. 88, May 21, 2025 (S3086-S3097), including GAO's March 6, 2025 letter · S3086, Sen. Capito (R-WV) - If the waiver is gone, federal law bars those states from enforcing their own versions.
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No State or any political subdivision thereof shall adopt or attempt to enforce any standard relating to the control of emissions from new motor vehicles
[22] 42 U.S.C. 7543, U.S. Code 2024 edition (Clean Air Act section 209: state standards and California waivers) · (a)the California standards for which a waiver has been granted
[23] 42 U.S.C. 7507, U.S. Code 2024 edition (Clean Air Act section 177: other states adopting California standards) · (1)
If you build or sell cars
Tighter limits on gas cars were part of the same waiver
- The waiver also covered tighter limits on exhaust and fuel fumes from gas cars.
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applying exhaust and evaporative emission fleet-average standards solely to vehicles powered by internal combustion engines
[6] EPA notice of decision on California's Advanced Clean Cars II waiver, 90 Fed. Reg. 642 (January 6, 2025), FR Doc. 2024-31128 · Supplementary informationThe LEV IV requirements reduce the maximum allowed exhaust and evaporative emission rates
[6] EPA notice of decision on California's Advanced Clean Cars II waiver, 90 Fed. Reg. 642 (January 6, 2025), FR Doc. 2024-31128 · Supplementary information - Under the review law, EPA may not issue a rule substantially the same as the voided one. Only a later law could allow it.
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a new rule that is substantially the same as such a rule may not be issued, unless the reissued or new rule is specifically authorized by a law enacted after the date of the joint resolution disapproving the original rule
[18] 5 U.S.C. 801, U.S. Code 2024 edition (Congressional Review Act: congressional review) · (b)(2) - GAO told senators it was not clear whether or how the resolution would change the waiver itself.
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it is unclear whether or how those resolutions would affect the underlying waivers and authorizations
[13] Congressional Record, Senate debate on H.J. Res. 88, May 21, 2025 (S3086-S3097), including GAO's March 6, 2025 letter · S3094, GAO letter of March 6, 2025
Read the full breakdown of H.J.Res. 88
H.R. 973
Latest official action Apr 29, 2025 · Drafted by AI, awaiting review
If you ride or plan to buy an e-bike or e-scooter
Products sold to people like you would have to meet the standards
- Within 180 days after the bill becomes law, the agency must adopt the standards as federal safety rules.
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Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Consumer Product Safety Commission (referred to in this section as the Commission) shall promulgate
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(a)as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, as final consumer product safety standards
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(a) - The rules would apply only to consumer products. In general, those are things made or sold for people's own use, such as at home, at school, or for fun.
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the Commission shall limit the application of such standards to consumer products as defined in section 3(a)(5) of the Consumer Product Safety Act
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(b)for sale to a consumer for use in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise
[10] 15 U.S.C. 2052 (Consumer Product Safety Act definitions) · (a)(5)for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of a consumer
[10] 15 U.S.C. 2052 (Consumer Product Safety Act definitions) · (a)(5) - Current law makes it unlawful to sell, make for sale, ship, or import a consumer product that does not meet such a rule. A person who holds a certificate that the product meets the rules is exempt, unless they know it does not. So is a person who relies in good faith on the maker's or distributor's word that no rule covers it.
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shall be treated as a consumer product safety rule promulgated under section 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(d)It shall be unlawful for any person to
[12] 15 U.S.C. 2068 (Prohibited acts) · (a)sell, offer for sale, manufacture for sale, distribute in commerce, or import into the United States any consumer product
[12] 15 U.S.C. 2068 (Prohibited acts) · (a)(1)that is not in conformity with an applicable consumer product safety rule under this chapter
[12] 15 U.S.C. 2068 (Prohibited acts) · (a)(1)who holds a certificate issued in accordance with section 2063(a) of this title to the effect that such consumer product conforms to all applicable consumer product safety rules, unless such person knows that such consumer product does not conform
[12] 15 U.S.C. 2068 (Prohibited acts) · (b)who relies in good faith on the representation of the manufacturer or a distributor of such product that the product is not subject to an applicable product safety rule
[12] 15 U.S.C. 2068 (Prohibited acts) · (b)
If you make, import, or sell e-bikes, e-scooters, or their batteries
Your consumer products would have to meet three named standards
- The standards are UL 2271 for batteries used in light electric vehicles, UL 2849 for e-bike electrical systems, and UL 2272 for the electrical systems of personal e-mobility devices.
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ANSI/CAN/UL 2271–Standard for Batteries for Use in Light Electric Vehicle Applications, ANSI/CAN/UL 2849–Standard for Safety for Electrical Systems for eBikes, and ANSI/CA/UL 2272–Standard for Electrical Systems for Personal E-Mobility Devices
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(a) - The rules would use the versions in effect on the day the bill becomes law.
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as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, as final consumer product safety standards
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(a) - When a standards group gives final approval to a change in one of them, it must tell the agency.
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the organization that revised the requirements of such standard shall notify the Commission after the final approval of the revision
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(c)(1) - A change would take effect 180 days after the group tells the agency, or on a later date the agency sets. It would not take effect if, within 90 days, the agency tells the group that the change does not improve safety, in whole or in part. The agency must also say it is keeping the old standard.
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effective 180 days after the date on which the organization notifies the Commission (or such later date specified by the Commission in the Federal Register)
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(c)(2)unless, within 90 days after receiving that notice, the Commission notifies the organization that it has determined that the proposed revision, in whole or in part, does not improve the safety of the consumer product covered by the standard
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(c)(2)the Commission is retaining the existing consumer product safety standard
[2] H.R. 973 as passed by the House (April 28, 2025) · Sec. 2(c)(2)
Read the full breakdown of H.R. 973
Breakdowns marked “Drafted by AI” passed our automatic checks and are waiting for human review, as shown on each bill page.